Kaypro 2000: Difference between revisions

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"Although the Kaypro 2000 comes with 256K RAM, you may want additional memory. At your option, you can have the factory install RAM chips to bring the system up to a total of 768K RAM. You could install the extra memory yourself, but letting the factory handle installation protects your warranty


With the full 768K ($195), spreadsheet and disk copying operations are much more convenient. And because the extra memory is internal, you aren't tied to the base unit. MS-DOS cannot use memory above its 640K boundary, but Kaypro includes RAM disk software that can make use of memory above 640K.
The Kaypro 2000 had two notable changes during its lifetime.  Initially in the spring of 1985 it came with 256K of RAM with upgrade options of 512K and 768K. If configured with 768K then the upper 128K could be used as a RamDisk since the operating system was limited to the lower 640K. The start-up RAM check only tests the lower 640K and doesn't report the entire memory of the 768K version.  In the summer of 1986 the base configuration was changed to include 768K of RAM.  


If you want to add an internal modem ($295), Kaypro offers a 1200-baud Hayes-compatible modem. The internal modem snaps into a connector on the mainbo,ard and fits completely inside the 2000 s casing, mother Kaypro option is the serial-to-parallel printer interface ($65). This universal interface allows almost every common printer with a standard Centronics parallel configuration to be connected directly to the 2000's serial port."<br>
===Screen Size Change===
(Profiles V3 N6)


"The Kaypro 2000 is a lap-top computer much like the Data General One. There's a standard model that is also available with memory and modem upgrades. The basic Kaypro 2000 comes with 256K of RAM and one 720K 3 1/2-inch floppy drive. The enhanced version has 768K, a 3 1/2-inch drive, and an internal 1200-baud modem."<br>
The originally released Kaypro 2000 had a large border around the LCD screen. Typically, the small screen had a had a green colored border.  My guess would be that they had designed the machine to have a larger screen than the smaller screen it initially shipped with. Having lived during this time I remember the challenges that manufacturers had producing flat panel displays with acceptable numbers of defective pixels. They likely settled with a smaller screen to keep the cost down and supply higher.  
(Profiles V3 N6)


[[Mitsui connection|Mitsui?]]
When the base memory was changed to 768K they also upgraded the screen to one that was “28% larger”.  These later machines have a screen that appears more appropriately sized to the designed area, it had a black border.  It appears that the number of characters was not changed with the larger screen since they both have 80 by 25 characters.  In the news section of this page it is hinted that the larger screen required more memory which isn't likely since the resolution did not change.  The larger screen has a slightly better contrast which does make it more readable but it is still a challenge.


== Kaypro 2000+ ==
The Kaypro 16 had a 80 by 40 display like the previous CPM Kaypros. So the Kaypro 2000 always had a slightly disadvantaged screen compared to the luggable versions, especially when you consider screen contrast.
Model # 81-050


{|
{|
!Original Screen !! 28% Larger Screen
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[[File:2000+.jpg|400px]]
[[File:K2000 with smaller screen.jpg|400px]]
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[[File:K2000 with larger screen 2.jpg|400px]]
The KAYPRO 2000+ is the bright choice in laptop computing. Here is the first laptop with all the power and performance of a desktop PC. The KAYPRO 2000+ delivers 50 percent more contrast and readability than conventional electroluminescent displays. And the Kaypro screen has a lifespan of 20,000 hours, compared with the three- to four-thousand hours typical of most other laptops.<br>
Standard Specifications for the KAYPRO 2000+
{|
|-
| Processor: || NEC V20 Kayboard-selectable 4.77/8.0 MHz
|-
| Video/Display: || High Contrast, EGA-compatible Supertwist LCD<br>
Cold-catode flourescent backlit<br>
20,000-hour average operating life
|-
| Memory || 768 KB
|-
| Drives: || Dual 3.5 (720 KB each)
|-
| Ports: || Serial, parrellel, 5 1/4-inch floppy drive, monitor
|-
| Modem: || 300/1200 Hayes-Comatible, built-in
|}
 
(Charger is 81-1190-1)
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[[File:2000+ intro w david.jpg|400px]]
[[File:K2000 with smaller screen close up.jpg|400px]]
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[[File:K2000 with larger screen 2 close up.jpg|400px]]
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<blockquote>
==News==
Kaypro intensified competition in the portable computer market yesterday by unveiling a new laptop model. Dubbed the Kaypro 2000+, the 16-pound IBM PC-compatible machine features an improved, full-sized screen and is expected to provide more than 20 percent of the company's revenues when full production begins later this year.


Kaypro's marketing strategy for the new computer is to avoid the low end of the market and instead bundle the laptop with an array of standard features. Thus the basic 2000+ comes equipped with operating system, word processing software, modem and more random access memory than most competitors. With a suggested retail price of $2,795, Kaypro says the machine will cost consumers less than comparably equipped laptops from IBM, Zenith and NEC.
"Kaypro Corp., Solana Beach, Calif., said it had introduced a new computer, the 2000, which is priced under $2,000."<br>
(New York Times, April 9, 1985)


Initial customers for the new machine, said David Kay, the company's president, will be sophisticated computer users seeking a second machine. "But as the technology becomes known... there will be as wide an acceptance as desktops," he said.


The Solana Beach computer maker says its machines are the first to incorporate two aspects of advanced technology. The 2000+ is the first marketed with a cold cathode backlit screen, as opposed to the electroluminescent screens offered by most competitors. The cold cathode screens have an estimated lifespan of 20,000 hours, at least five times longer than the estimated lifespan for screens with older technology, according to Kay. In addition, he said the cold cathode screens, which are manufactured by Sharp, are significantly brighter than other units.
<blockquote>
Although the Kaypro 2000 comes with 256K RAM, you may want additional memory. At your option, you can have the factory install RAM chips to bring the system up to a total of 768K RAM. You could install the extra memory yourself, but letting the factory handle installation protects your warranty


The 2000+ is also the first laptop to offer full EGA capability (enhanced graphics adaptor), which provides higher-resolution graphics. Kay said this is particularly important because much of the most popular business used by the large companies exploits this graphics enhancement.
With the full 768K ($195), spreadsheet and disk copying operations are much more convenient. And because the extra memory is internal, you aren't tied to the base unit. MS-DOS cannot use memory above its 640K boundary, but Kaypro includes RAM disk software that can make use of memory above 640K.


"The new technology puts laptops in a class with desktop personal computers," said Kay. He added that while he expected competitors to also include the new technology, he believes Kaypro has at least a nine-month lead in offering the advances.<br>
If you want to add an internal modem ($295), Kaypro offers a 1200-baud Hayes-compatible modem. The internal modem snaps into a connector on the mainboard and fits completely inside the 2000's casing, another Kaypro option is the serial-to-parallel printer interface ($65). This universal interface allows almost every common printer with a standard Centronics parallel configuration to be connected directly to the 2000's serial port.<br>
(San Diego Union, Aug 27, 1987)
(Profiles, January 1986)
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
"The Kaypro 2000 is a lap-top computer much like the Data General One. There's a standard model that is also available with memory and modem upgrades. The basic Kaypro 2000 comes with 256K of RAM and one 720K 3 1/2-inch floppy drive. The enhanced version has 768K, a 3 1/2-inch drive, and an internal 1200-baud modem."<br>
(Profiles, January 1986)


<blockquote>
<blockquote>
Kaypro Corp. unveiled a new and improved version of its laptop computer at the La Jolla Marriott yesterday in a bid to stay at the forefront of the increasingly competitive portable personal computer market.
With the introduction of their new 286i (the IBM AT clone) and now the Kaypro 2000 (the IBM-compatible portable lap computer) Kaypro seems to be headed one
way--toward the business community.


The 16-pound? Kaypro 2000+ updates the company's original laptop introduced two years ago. The now model features a new "supertwist" LCD cold cathode backlit screen and improved graphics capability!
The latest information we have from Kaypro regarding the 2000 is as follows:


"The benefit is much higher resolution," said Karen Mock, Kaypro product manager.
The 2000 uses the IBM-compatible MS/DOS operating system and comes with an 80 column by 25 line liquid crystal display screen, built for Kaypro in Japan. It has 640 x 200 pixels and a backlight for improved legibility.


The original Kaypro 2000. was criticized for having a difficult-to-read screen.
One of the features is the detachable keyboard. It still connects with a cord, but it doesn't confine the operator to any one position and makes the screen
easier to read.


More memory, 768 KB of RAM, and the ability to plug the laptop into a conventional PC monitor are among the other features of the new computer. Dual processing speeds - 4.77 MHz or 8.0 MHz - allow users to take advantage of currently available hardware and software.
The standard 256k is expandable to 768k, and the single 3.5 inch disk drive allows 720k of storage on each disk. The 2000 has an 8080 processor and runs at 4.7 Mhz with I/0 for RS232 and parallel ports. Power is supplied by a rechargeable battery with up to four hours' use of computer time. Peripherals may be added, including a 5.25 or external hard drive.


"Unlike many of the laptops on the market, there's a full package of software," Mock said, "including a communications program."
Total weight of the Kaypro 2000 is eleven (11) pounds.


The 2000+ is also equipped with an
The bundled software includes the full MicroPro (Star) package and GW Basic.
internal Hayes-compatible 1200/300 baud modem. Mirror II communications software is included with the computer.


Kaypro is well-known for promoting its "bundled software," a package of various programs included with each computer, as a price advantage over the competition.
The price for this laptop is $1995.00, and delivery is scheduled for some time in June.<br>
 
(Kugram, May-Jun 1985)
The new unit has a suggested list price of $2,795, including software, Mock said.
</blockquote>


A Kaypro comparison shows the 2000+ list price is lower than similar products made by IBM, Zenith and NEC.
"The Kaypro 2000's latest improvement, a 28% larger screen, takes less time to read. therefore, faster screen updates are necessary for speed readers. So the
Kaypro 2000 now comes with a standard 768K RAM and RAM-disk software. Operating software within RAM is dramatically faster and more energy efficient than continually accessing a disk drive."<br>
(Kugram, Jul-Aug 1986)


An even more advanced, 2000+ model with a 10 megabyte Winchester hard disk built-in is expected to be introduced sometime this fail, Mock said.
In the press there was talk of a partnership between [[Mitsui connection|Mitsui]] and Kaypro that could have been the forerunner to the 2000.  In an interview in 2025 for the Floppy Days Podcast David Kay says that Citizen made the 2000 for Kaypro.<br>
([https://floppydays.libsyn.com/floppy-days-158-interview-with-david-kay-kaypro-part-2 David Kay Interview #2])


Kaypro's original laptop model sold less than expected, according to published reports, but Kaypro officials are optimistic about the 2000+ because of its price, improved screen, increased memory and a new feature allowing the computer to run on its internal six-volt removeable rechargeable battery, D-cell batteries or house current.<br>
==Derived Machine==
(Robert Scally, Likely San Diego Daily Transcript)
</blockquote>


The French computer maker "SMT Goupil" produced the "Club" computer which appears to be a derivative of the Kaypro 2000.  It featured 2 floppy drives.
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[[File:2000+ Outer .jpg]]
[[File:SMT Goupil Club.jpg|400px]]
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[[File:2000+ Inside.jpg]]
[[File:Smt goupil club ad.jpg|400px]]
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== Accessories ==
=== Kaypro 2000 Base Unit ===
Model # 81-041
{|
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[[File:2000+ Screen.jpg]]
[[File:2000 Base Unit top.jpg]]
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[[File:2000+ Keyboard.jpg]]
[[File:2000 Base Unit front.jpg]]
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[[File:2000 Base Unit back.jpg]]
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[[File:2000+ set including bag power disks.jpg]]
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<blockquote>
"The base station for the 2000 is close to completion, and plans for the modem for this computer are still in the discussion stage. It is not yet certain whether Kaypro will offer a 300- or 1200-baud version, nor whether it will be internal or external. Also undetermined as of now is whether the modem will be part of the standard package or offered as an option." <br>Kugram Vol.3 No.4
A major glitch in getting parts has put the Kaypro Corp. three months behind on production of its new 2000+ laptop computer and dampened the company's chances of showing a profit in the first quarter that ended Nov. 30.


The Solana Beach personal computer manufacturer says it now has fixed the parts supply problem and, despite the delay, maintains a lead over other competitors in the market.
"The optional base unit ($795) is an expansion chassis that holds two full-length expansion cards and has room for two half-height 5.25-inch disk drives, or one half-height 5.25 floppy and a half-height hard disk. With the base unit, special-purpose cards can be used with the 2000, and direct conversion from 3.25- to 5 .25-inch diskettes is a snap. It also features both serial and parallel ports, freeing you from reliance on the single serial port on the 2000.
Interfacing the 2000 with the base unit is simple and straightforward. On the bottom of the 2000 is a 5.5inch hard rubber strip. Slip that protective strip away and you'll see two lines of 50 pins. This 100-pin maleto-female interface seats securely atop the corresponding pin slots on the upper surface of the base unit. No cables are needed."<br>
(Profiles, January 1986)


When it introduced the state-of-the-art laptop last August, Kaypro was banking on the 2000+ as a key element of its strategy for returning to profitability. The company, which lost $9.6 million for the year ended Aug. 28, estimated then that the laptop would generate 20 percent of its sales when it reached full production later in the year.
<blockquote>
Base Unit....$795.<br>
Description: Expansion chassis for customers who want to add special functions with IBM cards. Also houses added disk drives. Not required for typical users.


But company President David Kay said yesterday that parts ordered from an overseas supplier were defective and had to be sent back for retooling.
Features: 2 IBM slots, one 5.25" disk drive, space for an additional drive (5.25", or 3.5", or hard disk), serial port, parallel port.


"We've had some production snafus that have prevented us from shipping in volume," Ray said. "The problem is mainly in parts ordered from overseas that were not made correctly."
How it works: Kaypro 2000 computer fits on top of Base Unit and locks into a matching ''?nest?''. All connections are made automatically. No cables are necessary.<br>
(Kaypro 2000 Accessories Preliminary Price List)
</blockquote>


The company has been shipping the laptops on a limited basis, but some local computer dealers, while enthusiastic about the product, say they haven't been able to keep the machines in stock.
{|
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[[File:Base front side.jpg|400px]]
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[[File:Base rear side.jpg|400px]]
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[[File:Base bottom.jpg|400px]]
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"We're out of them now," said John Perty, owner of the Byte Shop in Clairemont, which has sold about
=== Kaypro 2000 Multi Adapter ===
"half a dozen" of the machines so far.
Part Number: 81-790
{|
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[[File:2000 multi adapter.jpg]]
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[[File:Early Multi-adapter.png|200px]]<br>
Image from the Preliminary Price List
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[[File:K2000 Multi Adapter inside.jpg]]
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[[File:K2000 Multi Adapter Label.jpg]]
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[[File:K2000 Multi Adapter Hercules Color Card.jpg|400px]]<br>
This is the Hercules Color Card (GB200 Rev B)<br> that was installed in my Multi Adapter
||
[[File:K2000 Multi Adapter Hercules Color Card back.jpg|400px]]
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The 2000+ features a state-of-the art screen that the company claims is the most readable screen available, as well as more memory than other laptops.
"Similarly, the multi-adapter unit ($155) allows the 2000 to snap directly into place. With the multi-adapter, you  can connect external disk drives and an RGB monitor. The multi-adapter includes a 5.25-inch disk port, a 3.5-inch disk port, a parallel port, and one half-length slot for a video card. Although the multiadapter will accept any half-length video board, Kaypro recommends using the Persyst II color card."<br>
(Profiles, January 1986)


Kay wouldn't say yesterday whether or not the company showed a profit in the first quarter, but he acknowledged that the problems with the laptop will have a negative impact on the results. "That will help," he said.
<blockquote>
Multi-Adapter....$155.<br>
Description: Module that allows Kaypro 2000 to connect to external disk drives and RGB color video monitor without Base Unit.


Kaypro has preliminary sales and earnings figures for the first quarter which ended Nov 30, but Kay declined to comment on them yesterday saying only that he would reserve his
Features: 5.25" disk port, 3.5" disk port, parallel port and video card slot.
remarks until the official, figures are
released, probably sometime in mid January.


The company's hopes for the new laptop not withstanding, the 2000+ so far has been nothing but trouble for Kaypro. A prototype of the laptop was unveiled last May at the Comdex trade show.<br>
How it works: Snap Adapter into bottom of Kaypro 2000 (Computer will tilt up at slight angle.)  Plug disk dirves and parellel printer into connection on rear of Adapter.  Standard RGB color video half-card (such as Hercules, ''?Perryst''?, etc.) plugs into IBM-type slot and installs completely inside housing.<br>
(Kaypro lags on laptop due to parts problems, David Coburn, Tribune Financial Writer, Clipping from David Kay's Collection)
(Kaypro 2000 Accessories Preliminary Price List)
</blockquote>
</blockquote>


"Part of the problem with the original 2000+ laptop was that it lacked a hard disk, said Kay, who blamed the problem on a former employee who "kept insisting that you couldn't put hard disks in a laptop." A new hard-disk model called the 2020 is due out next month, Kay said." (Kaypro: Looking for a star performer, clipping from David Kay)
=== Kaypro 2000 External Floppys ===
 
==Kaypro 2020?==
"The Kaypro 2020 is a 12-MHz 286 laptop that comes standard with 1 megabyte of RAM, a 20-megabyte hard drive, an EGA-compatible backlit LCD screen, and a 300/1200-bps Hayes-com-patible modem. It will be priced at approximately $5,000 and will ship within 90 days." (Infoworld, November 28, 1988)
 
== Kaypro 2000 Base Unit ==


====3.5" Floppy====
{|
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[[File:2000 Base Unit top.jpg]]
[[File:2000 3.5 floppy external.jpg]]
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[[File:2000 Base Unit front.jpg]]
[[File:2000 Base Unit back.jpg]]
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<blockquote>
If you do want another disk drive, Kaypro offers an ultra-small disk drive (1 x 4.5 x 6 inches) in the 3.5inch format. This external drive is enclosed in a brushed aluminum black casing, so it matches the 2000. Because this disk drive (priced at $295) is selfcontained, it is as portable as the 2000.


"The base station for the 2000 is close to completion, and plans for the modem for this computer are still in the discussion stage. It is not yet certain whether Kaypro will offer a 300- or 1200-baud version, nor whether it will be internal or external. Also undetermined as of now is whether the modem will be part of the standard package or offered as an option." <br>Kugram Vol.3 No.4
To use the optional 3.5-inch external disk drive, you simply connect the cable that conies with it into the multi-adapter's 3.5-inch port. Like the 2000, this external drive is battery powered.<br>
(Profiles, January 1986)
</blockquote>
 
<blockquote>
Additional 3.5" Disk....$295.<br>
Description: Ultra small 3.5" 720K external drive in portable brushed aluminum enclosure.


"The optional base unit ($795) is an expansion chassis that holds two full-length expansion cards and has room for two half-height 5.25-inch disk drives, or one half-height 5.25 floppy and a half-height hard disk. With the base unit, special-purpose cards can be used with the 2000, and direct conversion from 3.25- to 5 .25-inch diskettes is a snap. It also features both serial and parallel ports, freeing you from reliance on the single serial port on the 2000.
How it works: Cable (included) plugs into Disk Adapter 3.5" port. Battery  powered, fits easily in luggage for travel. (This drive not needed for same capacity as IBM-PC.)<br>
Interfacing the 2000 with the base unit is simple and straightforward. On the bottom of the 2000 is a 5.5inch hard rubber strip. Slip that protective strip away and you'll see two lines of 50 pins. This 100-pin maleto-female interface seats securely atop the corresponding pin slots on the upper surface of the base unit. No cables are needed."<br>
(Kaypro 2000 Accessories Preliminary Price List)
(Profiles V3 N6)
</blockquote>


== Kaypro 2000 Multi Adapter ==
====5.25" Floppy====
{|
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[[File:2000 multi adapter.jpg]]
[[File:K2000 5 inch External Drive front.jpg]]
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[[File:K2000 5inch External Drive back.jpg|300px]]
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[[File:K2000 5inch power and connector.jpg]]
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[[File:K2000 5 inch External Drive connector.jpg]]
 
"Similarly, the multi-adapter unit ($155) allows the 2000 to snap directly into place. With the multi-adapter, you  can connect external disk drives and an RGB monitor. The multi-adapter includes a 5.25-inch disk port, a 3.5-inch disk port, a parallel port, and one half-length slot for a video card. Although the multiadapter will accept any half-length video board, Kaypro recommends using the Persyst II color card."<br>
(Profiles V3 N6)
 
== Kaypro 2000 External Floppy ==
{|
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[[File:2000 3.5 floppy external.jpg]]
[[File:K2000 5inch Panasonic drive label.jpg|400px]]<br>
The Panasonic JU-455-5 drive
  ||  
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"If you do want another disk drive, Kaypro offers an ultra-small disk drive (1 x 4.5 x 6 inches) in the 3.5inch format. This external drive is enclosed in a brushed aluminum black casing, so it matches the 2000. Because this disk drive (priced at $295) is selfcontained, it is as portable as the 2000.
 
To use the optional 3.25-inch external disk drive, you simply connect the cable that conies with it into the multi-adapter's 3.5-inch port. Like the 2000, this external drive is battery powered.


If you want an external 5.25-inch disk drive, Kaypro offers one for $295. This 360K IBM-format drive is also enclosed in a matching brushed aluminum case and is fully portable. The 5.25-inch disk drive is designed to fit on your desktop, next to the 2000, but its internal power supply lets you take it anywhere."<br>
"If you want an external 5.25-inch disk drive, Kaypro offers one for $295. This 360K IBM-format drive is also enclosed in a matching brushed aluminum case and is fully portable. The 5.25-inch disk drive is designed to fit on your desktop, next to the 2000, but its internal power supply lets you take it anywhere."<br>
(Profiles V3 N6)
(Profiles, January 1986)


== Kaypro 2000 External Battery ==
=== Kaypro 2000 External Battery ===
{|
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"If the 2000's four-hour battery isn't enough for you, you might consider the spare battery pack ($25). This external pack is small, measuring only 2 x 3.5 x 6 inches. With the external battery pack you'll get another four to eight hours of operation. Like the 2000's internal battery, the spare battery pack can be recharged with the standard AC adapter."<br>
"If the 2000's four-hour battery isn't enough for you, you might consider the spare battery pack ($25). This external pack is small, measuring only 2 x 3.5 x 6 inches. With the external battery pack you'll get another four to eight hours of operation. Like the 2000's internal battery, the spare battery pack can be recharged with the standard AC adapter."<br>
(Profiles V3 N6)
(Profiles, January 1986)
 
=== PC card and Cable ===
[[File:K2000 PC card and cable image.png|200px]]


== PC card and Cable ==
"If you have an IBM PC or compatible, Kaypro offers another option for modem-less transfer of files from the 2000 to the desktop. Kaypro's PC card and cable ($95) are designed to be plugged into the desktop PC and into the 5.25-inch port on the multi-adapter module. A software switch steers the drive to either computer, allowing you to transfer files between the 2000 and your desktop without needing to buy an additional drive."<br>
"If you have an IBM PC or compatible, Kaypro offers another option for modem-less transfer of files from the 2000 to the desktop. Kaypro's PC card and cable ($95) are designed to be plugged into the desktop PC and into the 5.25-inch port on the multi-adapter module. A software switch steers the drive to either computer, allowing you to transfer files between the 2000 and your desktop without needing to buy an additional drive."<br>
(Profiles V3 N6)
(Profiles, January 1986)


== Kaypro 2000 Power Supplies ==
<blockquote>
PC Card and Cable....$95.<br>
Description: Allows users to connect to 5.25" disk in existing PC to eliminate need to buy additional drive.
 
How it works: IBM card plugs into PC.  Cable runs out of PC and plugs into 5.25" port on Disk Adapter module.  Software switch steers drive to either computer.<br>
(Kaypro 2000 Accessories Preliminary Price List)
</blockquote>
 
=== Kaypro 2000 Power Supplies ===
Model Numbers: 81-707-1, 81-709, 81-737
Model Numbers: 81-707-1, 81-709, 81-737
{|
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Line 214: Line 246:
[[File:Charger 81-737.jpg]]<br>
[[File:Charger 81-737.jpg]]<br>
Dual source charger<br>81-737-1 (115VAC or 12VDC to 7.3VDC)
Dual source charger<br>81-737-1 (115VAC or 12VDC to 7.3VDC)
|-
|
[[File:Kaypro 2000 2 box power supply with 2 kaypro labels.jpg]]<br>
This is another 81-709 two box charger.  You can see that the vented<br> box also has a Kaypro label on it rather than the Poly Products label.
|}
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"Kaypro even has an optional dual input charger for less than $50 that operates from either 1 15v AC or 12v DC. This adapter replaces the adapter/recharger that came with your Kaypro 2000 and plugs into a standard 1 15v AC wall plug or the cigarette lighter in your car. If you happen to have a car with a 6- volt electrical system you don't need to buy the dual input charger. 'ibu simply go down to the nearest Radio Shack and buy a standard cigarette lighter power adapter. The only thing you have to be certain about is that the positive voltage is on the outside of the plug that connects to the back of your 2000, not the inside (they come both ways). This is probably the smartest use yet for a cigarette lighter."<br>
"Kaypro even has an optional dual input charger for less than $50 that operates from either 1 15v AC or 12v DC. This adapter replaces the adapter/recharger that came with your Kaypro 2000 and plugs into a standard 1 15v AC wall plug or the cigarette lighter in your car. If you happen to have a car with a 6- volt electrical system you don't need to buy the dual input charger. 'ibu simply go down to the nearest Radio Shack and buy a standard cigarette lighter power adapter. The only thing you have to be certain about is that the positive voltage is on the outside of the plug that connects to the back of your 2000, not the inside (they come both ways). This is probably the smartest use yet for a cigarette lighter."<br>
(Profiles V3 N6)
(Profiles, January 1986)


== Kaypro 2000 Floppies ==
=== Kaypro 2000 Floppies ===
{|
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== Accessory Prices ==
=== Accessory Prices ===
[[File:Kaypro 2000 Accessory Prices Profiles June 88.png| 600px]]
[[File:Kaypro 2000 Accessory Prices Profiles June 88.png| 600px]]

Latest revision as of 00:24, 31 December 2025

Kaypro 2000

Model Number 81-040


The Kaypro 2000 had two notable changes during its lifetime. Initially in the spring of 1985 it came with 256K of RAM with upgrade options of 512K and 768K. If configured with 768K then the upper 128K could be used as a RamDisk since the operating system was limited to the lower 640K. The start-up RAM check only tests the lower 640K and doesn't report the entire memory of the 768K version. In the summer of 1986 the base configuration was changed to include 768K of RAM.

Screen Size Change

The originally released Kaypro 2000 had a large border around the LCD screen. Typically, the small screen had a had a green colored border. My guess would be that they had designed the machine to have a larger screen than the smaller screen it initially shipped with. Having lived during this time I remember the challenges that manufacturers had producing flat panel displays with acceptable numbers of defective pixels. They likely settled with a smaller screen to keep the cost down and supply higher.

When the base memory was changed to 768K they also upgraded the screen to one that was “28% larger”. These later machines have a screen that appears more appropriately sized to the designed area, it had a black border. It appears that the number of characters was not changed with the larger screen since they both have 80 by 25 characters. In the news section of this page it is hinted that the larger screen required more memory which isn't likely since the resolution did not change. The larger screen has a slightly better contrast which does make it more readable but it is still a challenge.

The Kaypro 16 had a 80 by 40 display like the previous CPM Kaypros. So the Kaypro 2000 always had a slightly disadvantaged screen compared to the luggable versions, especially when you consider screen contrast.

Original Screen 28% Larger Screen

News

"Kaypro Corp., Solana Beach, Calif., said it had introduced a new computer, the 2000, which is priced under $2,000."
(New York Times, April 9, 1985)


Although the Kaypro 2000 comes with 256K RAM, you may want additional memory. At your option, you can have the factory install RAM chips to bring the system up to a total of 768K RAM. You could install the extra memory yourself, but letting the factory handle installation protects your warranty

With the full 768K ($195), spreadsheet and disk copying operations are much more convenient. And because the extra memory is internal, you aren't tied to the base unit. MS-DOS cannot use memory above its 640K boundary, but Kaypro includes RAM disk software that can make use of memory above 640K.

If you want to add an internal modem ($295), Kaypro offers a 1200-baud Hayes-compatible modem. The internal modem snaps into a connector on the mainboard and fits completely inside the 2000's casing, another Kaypro option is the serial-to-parallel printer interface ($65). This universal interface allows almost every common printer with a standard Centronics parallel configuration to be connected directly to the 2000's serial port.
(Profiles, January 1986)

"The Kaypro 2000 is a lap-top computer much like the Data General One. There's a standard model that is also available with memory and modem upgrades. The basic Kaypro 2000 comes with 256K of RAM and one 720K 3 1/2-inch floppy drive. The enhanced version has 768K, a 3 1/2-inch drive, and an internal 1200-baud modem."
(Profiles, January 1986)

With the introduction of their new 286i (the IBM AT clone) and now the Kaypro 2000 (the IBM-compatible portable lap computer) Kaypro seems to be headed one way--toward the business community.

The latest information we have from Kaypro regarding the 2000 is as follows:

The 2000 uses the IBM-compatible MS/DOS operating system and comes with an 80 column by 25 line liquid crystal display screen, built for Kaypro in Japan. It has 640 x 200 pixels and a backlight for improved legibility.

One of the features is the detachable keyboard. It still connects with a cord, but it doesn't confine the operator to any one position and makes the screen easier to read.

The standard 256k is expandable to 768k, and the single 3.5 inch disk drive allows 720k of storage on each disk. The 2000 has an 8080 processor and runs at 4.7 Mhz with I/0 for RS232 and parallel ports. Power is supplied by a rechargeable battery with up to four hours' use of computer time. Peripherals may be added, including a 5.25 or external hard drive.

Total weight of the Kaypro 2000 is eleven (11) pounds.

The bundled software includes the full MicroPro (Star) package and GW Basic.

The price for this laptop is $1995.00, and delivery is scheduled for some time in June.
(Kugram, May-Jun 1985)

"The Kaypro 2000's latest improvement, a 28% larger screen, takes less time to read. therefore, faster screen updates are necessary for speed readers. So the Kaypro 2000 now comes with a standard 768K RAM and RAM-disk software. Operating software within RAM is dramatically faster and more energy efficient than continually accessing a disk drive."
(Kugram, Jul-Aug 1986)

In the press there was talk of a partnership between Mitsui and Kaypro that could have been the forerunner to the 2000. In an interview in 2025 for the Floppy Days Podcast David Kay says that Citizen made the 2000 for Kaypro.
(David Kay Interview #2)

Derived Machine

The French computer maker "SMT Goupil" produced the "Club" computer which appears to be a derivative of the Kaypro 2000. It featured 2 floppy drives.

Accessories

Kaypro 2000 Base Unit

Model # 81-041

"The base station for the 2000 is close to completion, and plans for the modem for this computer are still in the discussion stage. It is not yet certain whether Kaypro will offer a 300- or 1200-baud version, nor whether it will be internal or external. Also undetermined as of now is whether the modem will be part of the standard package or offered as an option."
Kugram Vol.3 No.4

"The optional base unit ($795) is an expansion chassis that holds two full-length expansion cards and has room for two half-height 5.25-inch disk drives, or one half-height 5.25 floppy and a half-height hard disk. With the base unit, special-purpose cards can be used with the 2000, and direct conversion from 3.25- to 5 .25-inch diskettes is a snap. It also features both serial and parallel ports, freeing you from reliance on the single serial port on the 2000. Interfacing the 2000 with the base unit is simple and straightforward. On the bottom of the 2000 is a 5.5inch hard rubber strip. Slip that protective strip away and you'll see two lines of 50 pins. This 100-pin maleto-female interface seats securely atop the corresponding pin slots on the upper surface of the base unit. No cables are needed."
(Profiles, January 1986)

Base Unit....$795.
Description: Expansion chassis for customers who want to add special functions with IBM cards. Also houses added disk drives. Not required for typical users.

Features: 2 IBM slots, one 5.25" disk drive, space for an additional drive (5.25", or 3.5", or hard disk), serial port, parallel port.

How it works: Kaypro 2000 computer fits on top of Base Unit and locks into a matching ?nest?. All connections are made automatically. No cables are necessary.
(Kaypro 2000 Accessories Preliminary Price List)

Kaypro 2000 Multi Adapter

Part Number: 81-790


Image from the Preliminary Price List


This is the Hercules Color Card (GB200 Rev B)
that was installed in my Multi Adapter

"Similarly, the multi-adapter unit ($155) allows the 2000 to snap directly into place. With the multi-adapter, you can connect external disk drives and an RGB monitor. The multi-adapter includes a 5.25-inch disk port, a 3.5-inch disk port, a parallel port, and one half-length slot for a video card. Although the multiadapter will accept any half-length video board, Kaypro recommends using the Persyst II color card."
(Profiles, January 1986)

Multi-Adapter....$155.
Description: Module that allows Kaypro 2000 to connect to external disk drives and RGB color video monitor without Base Unit.

Features: 5.25" disk port, 3.5" disk port, parallel port and video card slot.

How it works: Snap Adapter into bottom of Kaypro 2000 (Computer will tilt up at slight angle.) Plug disk dirves and parellel printer into connection on rear of Adapter. Standard RGB color video half-card (such as Hercules, ?Perryst?, etc.) plugs into IBM-type slot and installs completely inside housing.
(Kaypro 2000 Accessories Preliminary Price List)

Kaypro 2000 External Floppys

3.5" Floppy

If you do want another disk drive, Kaypro offers an ultra-small disk drive (1 x 4.5 x 6 inches) in the 3.5inch format. This external drive is enclosed in a brushed aluminum black casing, so it matches the 2000. Because this disk drive (priced at $295) is selfcontained, it is as portable as the 2000.

To use the optional 3.5-inch external disk drive, you simply connect the cable that conies with it into the multi-adapter's 3.5-inch port. Like the 2000, this external drive is battery powered.
(Profiles, January 1986)

Additional 3.5" Disk....$295.
Description: Ultra small 3.5" 720K external drive in portable brushed aluminum enclosure.

How it works: Cable (included) plugs into Disk Adapter 3.5" port. Battery powered, fits easily in luggage for travel. (This drive not needed for same capacity as IBM-PC.)
(Kaypro 2000 Accessories Preliminary Price List)

5.25" Floppy


The Panasonic JU-455-5 drive

"If you want an external 5.25-inch disk drive, Kaypro offers one for $295. This 360K IBM-format drive is also enclosed in a matching brushed aluminum case and is fully portable. The 5.25-inch disk drive is designed to fit on your desktop, next to the 2000, but its internal power supply lets you take it anywhere."
(Profiles, January 1986)

Kaypro 2000 External Battery

"If the 2000's four-hour battery isn't enough for you, you might consider the spare battery pack ($25). This external pack is small, measuring only 2 x 3.5 x 6 inches. With the external battery pack you'll get another four to eight hours of operation. Like the 2000's internal battery, the spare battery pack can be recharged with the standard AC adapter."
(Profiles, January 1986)

PC card and Cable

"If you have an IBM PC or compatible, Kaypro offers another option for modem-less transfer of files from the 2000 to the desktop. Kaypro's PC card and cable ($95) are designed to be plugged into the desktop PC and into the 5.25-inch port on the multi-adapter module. A software switch steers the drive to either computer, allowing you to transfer files between the 2000 and your desktop without needing to buy an additional drive."
(Profiles, January 1986)

PC Card and Cable....$95.
Description: Allows users to connect to 5.25" disk in existing PC to eliminate need to buy additional drive.

How it works: IBM card plugs into PC. Cable runs out of PC and plugs into 5.25" port on Disk Adapter module. Software switch steers drive to either computer.
(Kaypro 2000 Accessories Preliminary Price List)

Kaypro 2000 Power Supplies

Model Numbers: 81-707-1, 81-709, 81-737


Two different single source chargers
81-707-1 (115VAC to 7.3VDC)
81-709 (120VAC to 10VDC) and (10VDC to 7VDC)


Dual source charger
81-737-1 (115VAC or 12VDC to 7.3VDC)


This is another 81-709 two box charger. You can see that the vented
box also has a Kaypro label on it rather than the Poly Products label.

"Kaypro even has an optional dual input charger for less than $50 that operates from either 1 15v AC or 12v DC. This adapter replaces the adapter/recharger that came with your Kaypro 2000 and plugs into a standard 1 15v AC wall plug or the cigarette lighter in your car. If you happen to have a car with a 6- volt electrical system you don't need to buy the dual input charger. 'ibu simply go down to the nearest Radio Shack and buy a standard cigarette lighter power adapter. The only thing you have to be certain about is that the positive voltage is on the outside of the plug that connects to the back of your 2000, not the inside (they come both ways). This is probably the smartest use yet for a cigarette lighter."
(Profiles, January 1986)

Kaypro 2000 Floppies

Accessory Prices

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