Kaypro Journal - User contributions [en]

Drivetec Drives

2026-06-17T14:35:30Z

FrankRahman: /* Kodak Connections */

{|
|-
| [[File:Andrew Kay w Robie and K4.jpg|400px]]
|}
Andrew Kay with a first version Drivetec Robie and a regular Kaypro 4.

Drivetec drives were used in the [[Kaypro 4X]] and early [[Robie]].

==Images==

{|
|-
|
[[File:Drivetec front.jpg|400px]]
||
[[File:Drivetec sticker.jpg|227px]]
|-
|
[[File:Drivetec bottom.jpg|400px]]
||
[[File:Drivetec circuit board top.jpg|400px]]
|-
|
[[File:Drivetec top.jpg|400px]]
||
[[File:Drivetec bottom w-o board.jpg|380px]]
|}


==News==
<blockquote>
Kaypro is now in the disk drive manufacturing business! We have signed a manufacturing agreement with Drivetec of San Jose that allows us to build drives which they designed. We are even allowed to build the parts that make up the drives, if we choose. The only thing we can't do is sell the drives outside the computer as independent components. The Eastman Kodak Company has a similar arrangement with Drivetec. We are currently using the drives in our Robie computer which has been sent to a beta test site for evaluation and will be shipped to dealers soon.

The idea for the new drive is based on a design originally patented by Dymec Corp. It has been fully developed by a team of experts at Drivetec headed by Herb Thompson. Frank D. Wallens of Drivetec wrote the software for programming the proms (programmable read only memories), the computer chips that control the drives.

According to ''Redacted Name'', KAYPRO's technical expert on the Drivetec project, there are several features of this product that attracted us to it. "For example," says ''he'' "the mechanical simplicity of the drive is excellent and the positioning system for the heads centers them perfectly withi the center of the tracks on the diskette. Also, the 'Gumball' head system of the drive treats the diskettes delicately and thus makes them last longer."

This disk drive which is now a member of the KAYPRO family, contains the very latest in drive technology. Its most amazing technological advance is the 2.6 megabytes of formatted storage on a 5 1/4-inch diskette. It is so advanced, in fact, that much of the rest of the drive industry is scrambling to come out with something similar: Amlyne Corporation is making a drive similar to our Drivetec, and 3M Corporation is now developing a "stretched floppy" as another way of accomplishing Drivetec's perfect diskette centering. Some companies are even attempting to develop a 10 megabyte floppy diskette!

KAYPRO's choice of Drivetec is another industry first for us and should put us further ahead in sales. The returns will be in soon. 
(CommuniKay, April 1984)
</blockquote>

<blockquote>
Sources reported that Drivetec was seeking an infusion of about $5 million. The company in October received $7 million in its third funding round, bringing total capitalization to $15 million.

That round had been delayed the previous summer when Kaypro Corp., Drivetec's largest customer, rescheduled deliveries. The third round was originally intended to bring $10 million. ...

Drivetec reportedly was shipping its 3.3-Mbyte floppy disk drive at the rate of 6000 units per month until Kaypro's action last July [1984] forced it to cut production. Although it resumed manufacturing in January, the company never again exceeded shipments of 1000 units per month, sources said. 
(Computer Systems News, January 21, 1985)
</blockquote>

Micro-Mini Systems Article written by Herb Thompson
[[Media:198307 Drivetec 3.3Mb Floppy.pdf| click here]]

"In addition to the new-product announcements, Kaypro told its stockholders that it has solved its sourcing problems for both hard and floppy disk drives with the addition of new vendors and by entering into a licensing agreement with Drivetec Inc. that will result in Kaypro manufacturing high-capacity floppy disk drives for its new Robie desktop personal computer."
(Computer System News, February 27, 1984)

==Disks==
"You should buy good-quality, high-density diskettes pre-
formatted l7-sector 192 TPI. Specify Brown Disk UHR II or
the Maxell equivalent. Each diskette is capable of holding
2.6 megabytes of information." (Robie Manual)

[[File:Drivetec disks 2.jpg]]
[[File:Drivetec disks 1.jpg]]

===Cleaning Disks===
"A drive-cleaning disk is needed to keep the drive heads
clean and in proper working order. The following are
approved: Scotch 7440, Head Computer Products, Perfect
Data, Floppiclene." (Robie Manual)

"Responding to requests from Kaypro headquarters and from the field, Drivetec (manufacturer of the Robie disk drives) has approved four head-cleaning disks for use in their drives. Drivetec states: 
The following cleaning disks have been evaluated and are recommended for usage on the Drivetec disk drive when head cleaning is deemed necessary: 
1. Scotch #7440 
2. Head Computer Products 
3. Perfect Data 
4. Floppiclene 
(Kugram Vol.2 No.5 Page 22)

==Kodak Connections==
An interesting note is that Kodak was the other company to license the DriveTec Drives and eventually bought Drivetec.

===Robie Image===
Notice on this image of a Kaypro Robie that the A drive has a logo on it. Both drives have beveled edges which likely makes them Kodak drives. (I have not seen a Drivetec Brand Drive with beveled edges. See below.)

[[File:Kaypro Robie.jpg]]

It looks to me like the Kodak logo that they used from 1987 and on (when the Robie was no longer being produced).

[[File:Kodak Company Logo.jpg]]

I suspect that this drive was replaced at some point in it's life.

===Sample Kodak Drives===
Here is a pair of Kodak 3.3 drives (with a Drivetec drive in some picture for comparison) in my collection. They did not have the Kodak logo on the front panel but the label on them is Kodak.

{|
|-
|
[[File:Drivetec Label.jpg]]
||
[[File:Drivetec vs kodak front.jpg]] Left: Kodak 3.3 Drive (Beveled Edge) Right: Drivetec Drive (No Bevel)
|-
|
[[File:Drivetec vs kodak pcb.jpg]]
 PCB is basically the same but designating marks are different.
||
[[File:Drivetec vs Kodak sides.jpg]]
 Top: Drivetec Drive (2 Screw Holes)
 Middle: Kodak Early Drive (2 Screw Holes)
 Bottom: Kodak Later Drive (4 Screw Holes)
|}

"Chandler then announced that Kodak had reached a new licensing agreement with Drivetec, Inc., of San Jose, California, which permits Kodak to manufacture a flexible disk drive for use with personal computers. The disk drives will carry Kodak trade dress." 
(Kodak Highlights, 3rd Quarter 1983) This is the Shareholders Newsletter for Kodak

"The Eastman Kodak Company's Spin Physics division introduced a 5 1/4-inch floppy disk for microcomputers that it said can store up to 3.3 million bytes of data. The Isomax HD600 diskette, combined with a high-performance disk drive that is in production, will have more storage capacity than any system of similar size now commercially available, Kodak said. The diskette is designed for use in a high- performance disk drive that is being manufactured by Drivetec Inc. of San Jose, Calif." 
(New York Times, December 14, 1983)

[https://forum.vcfed.org/index.php?threads/kodak-verbatim-6-6-mb-floppy-drive.36437/ *]

Drivetec Drives

2026-06-17T06:41:42Z

FrankRahman: /* Kodak Connections */

{|
|-
| [[File:Andrew Kay w Robie and K4.jpg|400px]]
|}
Andrew Kay with a first version Drivetec Robie and a regular Kaypro 4.

Drivetec drives were used in the [[Kaypro 4X]] and early [[Robie]].

==Images==

{|
|-
|
[[File:Drivetec front.jpg|400px]]
||
[[File:Drivetec sticker.jpg|227px]]
|-
|
[[File:Drivetec bottom.jpg|400px]]
||
[[File:Drivetec circuit board top.jpg|400px]]
|-
|
[[File:Drivetec top.jpg|400px]]
||
[[File:Drivetec bottom w-o board.jpg|380px]]
|}


==News==
<blockquote>
Kaypro is now in the disk drive manufacturing business! We have signed a manufacturing agreement with Drivetec of San Jose that allows us to build drives which they designed. We are even allowed to build the parts that make up the drives, if we choose. The only thing we can't do is sell the drives outside the computer as independent components. The Eastman Kodak Company has a similar arrangement with Drivetec. We are currently using the drives in our Robie computer which has been sent to a beta test site for evaluation and will be shipped to dealers soon.

The idea for the new drive is based on a design originally patented by Dymec Corp. It has been fully developed by a team of experts at Drivetec headed by Herb Thompson. Frank D. Wallens of Drivetec wrote the software for programming the proms (programmable read only memories), the computer chips that control the drives.

According to ''Redacted Name'', KAYPRO's technical expert on the Drivetec project, there are several features of this product that attracted us to it. "For example," says ''he'' "the mechanical simplicity of the drive is excellent and the positioning system for the heads centers them perfectly withi the center of the tracks on the diskette. Also, the 'Gumball' head system of the drive treats the diskettes delicately and thus makes them last longer."

This disk drive which is now a member of the KAYPRO family, contains the very latest in drive technology. Its most amazing technological advance is the 2.6 megabytes of formatted storage on a 5 1/4-inch diskette. It is so advanced, in fact, that much of the rest of the drive industry is scrambling to come out with something similar: Amlyne Corporation is making a drive similar to our Drivetec, and 3M Corporation is now developing a "stretched floppy" as another way of accomplishing Drivetec's perfect diskette centering. Some companies are even attempting to develop a 10 megabyte floppy diskette!

KAYPRO's choice of Drivetec is another industry first for us and should put us further ahead in sales. The returns will be in soon. 
(CommuniKay, April 1984)
</blockquote>

<blockquote>
Sources reported that Drivetec was seeking an infusion of about $5 million. The company in October received $7 million in its third funding round, bringing total capitalization to $15 million.

That round had been delayed the previous summer when Kaypro Corp., Drivetec's largest customer, rescheduled deliveries. The third round was originally intended to bring $10 million. ...

Drivetec reportedly was shipping its 3.3-Mbyte floppy disk drive at the rate of 6000 units per month until Kaypro's action last July [1984] forced it to cut production. Although it resumed manufacturing in January, the company never again exceeded shipments of 1000 units per month, sources said. 
(Computer Systems News, January 21, 1985)
</blockquote>

Micro-Mini Systems Article written by Herb Thompson
[[Media:198307 Drivetec 3.3Mb Floppy.pdf| click here]]

"In addition to the new-product announcements, Kaypro told its stockholders that it has solved its sourcing problems for both hard and floppy disk drives with the addition of new vendors and by entering into a licensing agreement with Drivetec Inc. that will result in Kaypro manufacturing high-capacity floppy disk drives for its new Robie desktop personal computer."
(Computer System News, February 27, 1984)

==Disks==
"You should buy good-quality, high-density diskettes pre-
formatted l7-sector 192 TPI. Specify Brown Disk UHR II or
the Maxell equivalent. Each diskette is capable of holding
2.6 megabytes of information." (Robie Manual)

[[File:Drivetec disks 2.jpg]]
[[File:Drivetec disks 1.jpg]]

===Cleaning Disks===
"A drive-cleaning disk is needed to keep the drive heads
clean and in proper working order. The following are
approved: Scotch 7440, Head Computer Products, Perfect
Data, Floppiclene." (Robie Manual)

"Responding to requests from Kaypro headquarters and from the field, Drivetec (manufacturer of the Robie disk drives) has approved four head-cleaning disks for use in their drives. Drivetec states: 
The following cleaning disks have been evaluated and are recommended for usage on the Drivetec disk drive when head cleaning is deemed necessary: 
1. Scotch #7440 
2. Head Computer Products 
3. Perfect Data 
4. Floppiclene 
(Kugram Vol.2 No.5 Page 22)

==Kodak Connections==
An interesting note is that Kodak was the other company to license the DriveTec Drives and eventually assumed the company.

===Robie Image===
Notice on this image of a Kaypro Robie that the A drive has a logo on it. Both drives have beveled edges which likely makes them Kodak drives. (I have not seen a Drivetec Brand Drive with beveled edges. See below.)

[[File:Kaypro Robie.jpg]]

It looks to me like the Kodak logo that they used from 1987 and on (when the Robie was no longer being produced).

[[File:Kodak Company Logo.jpg]]

I suspect that this drive was replaced at some point in it's life.

===Sample Kodak Drives===
Here is a pair of Kodak 3.3 drives (with a Drivetec drive in some picture for comparison) in my collection. They did not have the Kodak logo on the front panel but the label on them is Kodak.

{|
|-
|
[[File:Drivetec Label.jpg]]
||
[[File:Drivetec vs kodak front.jpg]] Left: Kodak 3.3 Drive (Beveled Edge) Right: Drivetec Drive (No Bevel)
|-
|
[[File:Drivetec vs kodak pcb.jpg]]
 PCB is basically the same but designating marks are different.
||
[[File:Drivetec vs Kodak sides.jpg]]
 Top: Drivetec Drive (2 Screw Holes)
 Middle: Kodak Early Drive (2 Screw Holes)
 Bottom: Kodak Later Drive (4 Screw Holes)
|}

"Chandler then announced that Kodak had reached a new licensing agreement with Drivetec, Inc., of San Jose, California, which permits Kodak to manufacture a flexible disk drive for use with personal computers. The disk drives will carry Kodak trade dress." 
(Kodak Highlights, 3rd Quarter 1983) This is the Shareholders Newsletter for Kodak

"The Eastman Kodak Company's Spin Physics division introduced a 5 1/4-inch floppy disk for microcomputers that it said can store up to 3.3 million bytes of data. The Isomax HD600 diskette, combined with a high-performance disk drive that is in production, will have more storage capacity than any system of similar size now commercially available, Kodak said. The diskette is designed for use in a high- performance disk drive that is being manufactured by Drivetec Inc. of San Jose, Calif." 
(New York Times, December 14, 1983)

[https://forum.vcfed.org/index.php?threads/kodak-verbatim-6-6-mb-floppy-drive.36437/ *]

File:Drivetec vs Kodak sides.jpg

2026-06-17T06:34:15Z

FrankRahman:

Drivetec vs Kodak sides

File:Drivetec vs kodak pcb.jpg

2026-06-17T06:33:30Z

FrankRahman:

Drivetec vs kodak pcb

File:Drivetec vs kodak front.jpg

2026-06-17T06:31:11Z

FrankRahman:

Drivetec vs kodak front

File:Drivetec Label.jpg

2026-06-17T06:29:44Z

FrankRahman:

Drivetec Label

Kaypro PC

2026-06-14T11:45:18Z

FrankRahman: /* Cards */

{|
|-
|
[[File:Kaypro PC.jpg|400px]]
|}
The KAYPRO PC makes sense now with all the I flexibility you need for future enhancements. Thanks to Kaypro's non-obsolete design, the KAYPRO PC is a snap to update. Card-based system components — including the microprocessor — simply snap into place. 
Standard Specifications for the KAYPRO PC:
{|
| Processor: || 8088-compatible V-20 microproccessor, 8087 socket: 4.77/10MHz
|-
| Video/Display: || Multivideo graphics adapter, EGA, CGA, MDA, and Hercules compatible on most monitors; 12-inch monochrome monitor
|-
| Memory: || 768 KB standard
|-
| Drives: || Dual 360-KB disk drives
|-
| Ports: || IBM PC-compatible serial and parallel
|-
| Expansion: || Nine slots, six for user options
|-
| Keyboard: || Enhanced 101-style keyboard
|}

{|
|-
|
[[File:KPC Brochure Out.jpg|250px]]
|-
|
[[File:KPC Brochure In.jpg|250px]]
|}

==Introduction==
The Kaypro PC was the first mostly compatible PC from Kaypro. It had it's microprocessor on a add-on board so you could update to a new processor without changing out the entire machine.

{|
|-
|
[[File:Kaypro PC ad non-obsolescence.jpg|400px]]
|}

[[File:Kaypro PC Ad Family Computing June 87.png]]

Family Computing June 1987

{|
|-
|
[[File:81-045-02 label.jpg]]
|| [[File:81-045-05 label.jpg]]
|}

<blockquote>
It was the only sensible decision, but that didn't make it any pleasanter. Saying farewell to a faithful retainer is never easy. Still, it had to be done, and so we pulled the plug on the old Kaypro II, closed its cover, and sent it away.

The II was one of a series of machines using the older CP/M operating system that Kaypro started making in the early 1980's. That was a time when 64K (64,000 characters) of on-board memory looked as capacious as the big-mouth logo on the Morton Downey Jr. television show; two built-in disk drives stored 180K
apiece, and the integral nine-inch monochrome monitor was a blessing to those with good eyesight or good eyeglasses. The whole package folded up into a nearly-30-pound lump that was billed as portable until true portables came along, and was later referred to as transportable, which it was in the sense that anything with a handle on it can be called transportable. The II, like other Kaypro products, came with a wide selection of software, some excellent, all usable, and at around $1,500 complete, was a great bargain.

Now, the truth of the matter is that an individual or small business can satisfy most computing needs with just such a machine. You can write letters, reports and memos, track income and outgo, organize lists of customers and inventory, craft your own specialized programs, and find a fairly large selection of commercial and public-domain software at rock-bottom prices. A well-maintained Beetle will still get you to the mall, too. But time does move on.

Just as 64K and CP/M gave way to 640K and MS-DOS, the operating system of the I.B.M. PC line, so will 640K and MS-DOS give way to memories measured in millions of characters and OS/2, the new I.B.M. operating system. But not just yet. In the mean-time, there are excellent values in machines that adhere to the old PC standard.

One such is the Kaypro PC. It is available in various configurations starting at not much more than $1,000, and it is as far ahead of the old Kaypro as it was ahead of a typewriter and mechanical calculator.

The version I have is a fully loaded model: one 5.25-inch drive for standard disks holding 360K, one 3.5-inch drive for the newer, compact disks holding 780K, and a 30-megabyte (that's 30 million characters) hard disk. There is the usual 640K of internal memory, plus an additional 128K that can be used for special purposes. The display adapter emulates both monochrome and color screens on an excellent amber monitor. The keyboard is in the style of that of the I.B.M. PC/AT, with extra-large shift and enter keys, and is quite comfortable for a fast, though not particularly accurate, touch typist.

The main unit is wide, a bit more than 19 inches, and deep, about 1.5 inches. The monitor sits on top, and the detachable keyboard in front, and it threatens to take more than its share of desk space. But a phone call to Kaypro brought assurances that there was no harm in turning the unit on its side, converting the 19 inches into vertical space, and the width into a mere 5.25 inches.

The machine comes with the operating system disk and Basic, not invariably included in the advertised prices of other computers. More important, it comes with WordStar 4.0, a professional-quality word processor that also includes a dictionary and thesaurus; PolyWindows, a collection of memory-resident programs such as a calculator, calendar and file-card generator, and more. There are other utilities for counting the number of words in a document, preparing new disks for use, copying files from one disk to another, and the like.
Best of all, these programs are accessible through a handy menu of selections; for most purposes it is not even necessary to deal with the operating system commands.

Unlike the previous line of Kaypros, a spreadsheet and a database are not included, but the line has to be drawn somewhere, and the line for all of the above is drawn at something less than $2,000. By way of comparison, when the I.B.M. XT, the general class of machine to which the Kaypro PC belongs, was introduced less than five years ago, it was listed at a price of almost $5,000, with only 128K of memory, one floppy drive and a 10-megabyte hard drive, and with neither monitor nor any software included.

Rap your knuckles - not too hard, please — on the main unit and you'll discover it's made of metal. Its older brothers were also made of metal, and the Whole Earth Software Catalog said the II looked "like a piece of military surplus." The current machine also gives the impression of ruggedness, but it is handsome as
well, sort of like a designer tank.

Will the Kaypro PC be ready for the Smithsonian five years from now? It's hard to say it, but most likely yes, Still, the computer has nine slots, three of them already occupied, into which various circuit cards can be plugged to give it new or expanded capabilities. And since the main processor is installed on a changeable circuit card, even a brain transplant is not out of the question. 
(New York Times, January 19, 1988)
</blockquote>

Keys:
[[File:KPC Keys.jpg]]
The keys appear to be unique to each machine. This set will not lock/unlock any of the machines that I have.

==Understanding the Kaypro PC Models==

There is some confusion about the model numbers of the various KPC models here is a table:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Model Number !! Description
|-
| K-PC || Base model without a harddrive from the factory
|-
| K-PC 01 || "Kaypro PC Starter Kit" No Multi-Function Card No CPU Card No Video Cards
|-
| K-PC 10 || Base model with a 10MB harddrive
|-
| K-PC 20 || Base model with a 20MB harddrive
|-
| K-PC 30 || Base model with a 30MB harddrive
|}

{|
|-
| This information was shipped with the Kaypro PC Starter Kit machines:
||
[[File:318211 KPC Starter Kit.jpg|400px]]
|}

===Kaypro XL===
There is one model that I am still working to get more information on it is the Kaypro XL. It might be a 286 based machine. 
[[File:Kaypro XL badge.jpg]] 
"Hello, I am looking for any docs or charts on the correct DIP switch settings to configure my old v20 CPU Kaypro XL computer. I am having some problems finding them and was wondering if anyone has the info, thanks in advace." 
(comp.sys.ibm.pc.hardware.comm, April 1, 1995)


From COMPUTER CONCEPTS, A Kaypro XL Computer Valued At $1,195 
(The Mail-Journal, Volume 27, Number 37, Milford, Kosciusko County, 26 October 1988)


==Manuals==
[[Kaypro_Manuals#Kaypro_PC|Kaypro PC Manuals]]

==News==
<blockquote>
Systems are available with such features as the IBM PC-compatible Kaypro PC-30 with 30 megabyte hard drive, full page monitor and adaptor, and EGA card. The systems range in price from $3,395 to $8,745.

Two upgrades are also available through Kaypro. The first, which retails for $1,549, includes software (Ventura Publisher, version 1.1, GEM Desktop, GEM Paint, and GEM Draw+), and a mouse. The second upgrade, available for $4,544, includes the software, a mouse, and a laser printer.

[[File:Profiles Sept 87 prices 286i pc-30.png|400px]]
 
(Profiles, September 1987)
</blockquote>

== Upgrades ==

"If you have a Kaypro PC with 4.77 Mhz clock, you can buy one of two processor boards from Kaypro Corporation that offer faster clocks. These are the 8 Mhz 8088/V-20 board, part number 5238; and the 10 Mhz 8088/V20 board, part number 5962. Many PC owners already have one of these boards — they've been standard equipment for almost two years now. If there is a toggle switch on the back panel of your computer near the reset button, then you already have either an 8 or 10 Mhz machine." (Profiles June 1988)

== BIOS ROMS ==
{|
|-
| 81-486 H || 4.77 Single Speed Board || 81-512(3) ||
[[File:81-486 H img.jpg|200px]]
||
[[File:81-486 H.bin]]
|-
| 81-486 L || 4.77/8 Dual Speed Board || 81-1184 Rev A ||
[[File:81-486 L img.jpg|200px]]
||
[[File:81-486 L.bin]]
|-
| 81-486 M || 4.7/8 Dual Speed Board || 81-1230 Rev A ||
[[File:81-486 M img.jpg|200px]]
||
[[File:81-486 M.bin]]
|}

==Card Comparisons==

===81-916 Multicard===
{|
|-
! REV A !! REV B
|-
|
[[File:KPC Multiboard 81-916 Rev A comp.jpg|300px]]
||
[[File:335516 IO Mem Card.jpg|257px]]
|-
|
[[File:KPC Multiboard 81-916 Rev A sold.jpg|300px]]
||
[[File:335516 IO Mem Card Back.jpg|285px]]
|}

==Kaypro PC #335516==
===Overview===
This is a complete (or nearly complete) Kaypro PC model 81-045-02. That has not been modified after purchase according to original owner.

[[File:335516 complete.jpg|400px]]

===Sales Receipt===
[[File:335516 receipt small.jpg|400px]] 
Notes:
* 335516 Sold on 7/29/86
* Machine upgraded to 768K without additional charge (Education Deal?)
* Image redacted for Personal Information

===Cards===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| CPU Card 
Model 81-1184 Rev A 
8MHz 
Kaypro
||
[[File:335516 CPU Card.jpg|300px]]
||
[[File:335516 CPU Card Back.jpg|300px]]
|-
|
||
"The standard processor card is based on an 8088 microprocessor running at 4.77 MHz. A socket on the card is provided to add an 8087 math coprocessor. Other components located on the processor card are a speaker subsystem and three counter-timers. Purchasing the processor card separately will cost you $395, including software." (Profiles, December 1985) 
Note the card from this computer is a later model with a higher speed processor which can be distinguished by the switch on the exterior plate.
See the #338575 “Expansion Unit” CPU Card for an example of the early 4.77MHz card without a switch.

||
[[File:KPC 8088 DIP settings.png|300px]] DIP switch settings 
'''Note#1:''' All 4 boards that I have have '''NO''' Co-processor but switch #1 is in the on position. The Technical Manual for the Kaypro PC confirms that this is a typo in the above chart. Switch 1 should be co-processor - OFF, no co-processor - ON 
'''Note#2:''' The last drive listed is 4 disk drives with the settings being duplicated from the 3 disk setting. The technical manual states that it should be switch 4 - OFF, switch 5 - OFF
(Profiles, August 1987)
|-
| Video Card 
Appears to be a Hercules Clone Card 
from ATI
||
[[File:335516 Vid Card.jpg|300px]]
||
[[File:335516 Vid Card Back.jpg|300px]]
|-
|
||
"The KPC multivideo card supports monochrome, RGB color, and composite video monitors. It features a crisper, more readable character set than the standard IBM color card, along with software selectable
color or monochrome modes. Color and graphics support are the same as found on IBM's color/graphics card. The multivideo card is $395 if you purchase it separately." (Profiles, December 1985)
||
|-
| Hard Drive Card 
ADP 50 
Appears to be an ADP50L 
from Silicon Valley Computer, Inc.
||
[[File:335516 HD Card.jpg|300px]]
||
[[File:335516 HD Card Back.jpg|300px]]
|-
| "Multicard" - IO, Memory and Floppy Drive Card 
Model 81-916 Rev B 
Kaypro
||
[[File:335516 IO Mem Card.jpg|300px]]
||
[[File:335516 IO Mem Card Back.jpg|300px]]
|-
|
||
"Kaypro's multifunction card has room for 640K of RAM using three banks of 256K chips. On the standard system only one bank of RAM is populated, giving you 256K of system memory. The multifunction card is also home for the floppy disk controller, a Centronics parallel port, and an IBM-compatible serial port. This card is available separately for $325." (Profiles, December 1985)

<blockquote>The newer versions of the Kaypro PC multifunction boards have a different chip at U42: A 9239 floppy disk controller chip instead of the 9229. Upon first observation, you will note that pin 16 of this chip is sticking out of its socket.
Pin 16 is left out as a test point and should not be placed in the socket. If it is inadvertently inserted, you will have no video and no drive access. 
(Kugram, Nov Dec 1986)
</blockquote>
||
|-
|
||
[[File:KPC Multi board DIP.png|200px]][[File:KPC Multi board PIN 1.png|200px]]
||
[[File:KPC Multi board PIN 2.png|200px]]
|}

===Hard Drive===

{| class="wikitable"
|-
| Hard Drive Label || [[File:335516 HD.jpg|300px]]
|}

===Floppy Drives===

{| class="wikitable"
|-
| Floppy Drive Board 
Both Drives are Identical
|| [[File:335516 FD board.jpg|300px]]
|-
| Floppy Drive Label || [[File:335516 FD Label.jpg|300px]]
|}

===Power Supply===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| Power Supply Label || [[File:335516 power label.jpg|300px]]
|}

===Documentation and Manuals===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| [[File:335516 Software Package Checklist wm.jpg|left]]
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Manuals that were with the computer
|-
|
[[File:Kaypro PC Users Guide.jpg]] 
[[Media:Kaypro PC manual.pdf|Kaypro PC Manual]]
|-
|
[[File:Kaypro MS-DOS 3.1 User's Guide.jpg]] 
[[Media:Addendum to MSDOS 3.1 UG.pdf|Addendum to MSDOS 3.1 UG]]
|-
|
[[File:Kaypro MS-DOS 3.1 to 3.2 Guide.jpg]]
|}

[[Media:Addnedum Monitors.pdf|Addendum Monitors Instructions]]

[[Media:Using Half-Length Multi-Video Board.pdf|Using the Half-Length Multi-Video Board]]

===Disks===

[[File:335516Disks.jpg|left]]

Feel free to copy these for your personal use.

I would only ask that they not be posted to other websites as long as this website is functional.

Feel free to link to this page to share with others.

[[:File:DISK1.imd|Install Disk 1]] 
[[:File:DISK2.imd|Install Disk 2]] 
[[:File:DISK3.imd|Install Disk 3]] 
[[:File:DISK4.imd|Install Disk 4]] 
[[:File:DISK5.imd|Install Disk 5]] 
[[:File:DISK6.imd|Install Disk 6]] 
 
 

=== Monitor ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| [[File:335516 Monitor Label.jpg]]
|}

===Keyboard===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| [[File:335516 Keyboard.jpg]]
|}

===Boxes===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| [[File:335516 System Box label.jpg|thumb|System Box Front]]
|-
| [[File:335516 System Box side.jpg|thumb|System Box Side]]
|-
| [[File:335516 System Box top.jpg|thumb|System Box Top]]
|-
| [[File:335516 Monitor Box label.jpg|thumb|Monitor Box Front]]
|-
| [[File:335516 Monitor Box side.jpg|thumb|Monitor Box Side]]
|}

==Kaypro PC #338575 "Expansion Unit"==

{|
|-
|
[[File:KPC 338575 KEU label.jpg|300px]]
|}
===Overview===
Of the “Expansion Units” that I have seen in person and online they seem to be consistant in that they are based on the “Kaypro PC” (KPC). The case and CPU Cards are the same as their KPC cousins. Where they vary is that their memory is on a separate card rather than one the KPCs “Multicard”. This also means that the IO features are performed by a different card which usually has the video output functions on it. Also the floppy drive functions are performed by a separate card.

This means that the IO functions are usually limited due to there being only a parallel port since the video port fills the other half of the card’s external plate.

To me the name “Expansion Unit” is a poor name for the functionality of these machines. I am still looking for the reason why Kaypro named them the way that they did.

Marshall Mosley commented "I believe it came with an EMS card. For Lotus 123 people. I think."

It is consistent with the review of [https://ancientelectronics.wordpress.com/tag/8088-pc/ #440849] by Ancient Electronics. His machine has the same memory card. Although his machine has a separate video and IO card.

{|
|-
|
[[File:KPC EXP badge -440849.jpg|200px]]
|}

===Technical Info===
"Documentation for the Kaypro PC Expansion Unit is on the way from Kaypro Corp. The bank of five switch settings on the Expansion Unit's Processor Card works the same as on the Kaypro PC. Additionally, the bank of four switches on the Memory Card works the same as SW1 on the PC's Floppy Combo Board. In place of this, simply use the regular Kaypro PC switch settings." 
(Kugram, Jan-Feb 1987)

===Cards===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| CPU Card 
Model 81-512 Rev A 
4.77MHz 
Kaypro
||
[[File:KPC 338575 Processor Front.jpg|300px]]
||
[[File:KPC 338575 Processor Back.jpg|300px]]

|-
| Video Card/IO Card 
Labeled as Kaypro #4804
||
[[File:KPC 338575 Vid IO front.jpg|300px]]
||
[[File:KPC 338575 Vid IO back.jpg|300px]]

|-
| Floppy Drive Card 
Label: QEC-IVO
||
[[File:KPC 338575 Floppy Card front.jpg|300px]]
||
[[File:KPC 338575 Floppy Card back.jpg|300px]]
|-
| Memory Card 
Model 81-1208 Rev A 
Kaypro
||
[[File:KPC 338575 Mem Card front.jpg|300px]]
||
[[File:KPC 338575 Mem Card back.jpg|300px]]
|}

===Floppy Drives===

{| class="wikitable"

|-
| Floppy Drives || 2 Matsushita JU-455-5 DSDD drives
|}

Kaypro PC

2026-06-14T11:40:15Z

FrankRahman: /* Cards */

{|
|-
|
[[File:Kaypro PC.jpg|400px]]
|}
The KAYPRO PC makes sense now with all the I flexibility you need for future enhancements. Thanks to Kaypro's non-obsolete design, the KAYPRO PC is a snap to update. Card-based system components — including the microprocessor — simply snap into place. 
Standard Specifications for the KAYPRO PC:
{|
| Processor: || 8088-compatible V-20 microproccessor, 8087 socket: 4.77/10MHz
|-
| Video/Display: || Multivideo graphics adapter, EGA, CGA, MDA, and Hercules compatible on most monitors; 12-inch monochrome monitor
|-
| Memory: || 768 KB standard
|-
| Drives: || Dual 360-KB disk drives
|-
| Ports: || IBM PC-compatible serial and parallel
|-
| Expansion: || Nine slots, six for user options
|-
| Keyboard: || Enhanced 101-style keyboard
|}

{|
|-
|
[[File:KPC Brochure Out.jpg|250px]]
|-
|
[[File:KPC Brochure In.jpg|250px]]
|}

==Introduction==
The Kaypro PC was the first mostly compatible PC from Kaypro. It had it's microprocessor on a add-on board so you could update to a new processor without changing out the entire machine.

{|
|-
|
[[File:Kaypro PC ad non-obsolescence.jpg|400px]]
|}

[[File:Kaypro PC Ad Family Computing June 87.png]]

Family Computing June 1987

{|
|-
|
[[File:81-045-02 label.jpg]]
|| [[File:81-045-05 label.jpg]]
|}

<blockquote>
It was the only sensible decision, but that didn't make it any pleasanter. Saying farewell to a faithful retainer is never easy. Still, it had to be done, and so we pulled the plug on the old Kaypro II, closed its cover, and sent it away.

The II was one of a series of machines using the older CP/M operating system that Kaypro started making in the early 1980's. That was a time when 64K (64,000 characters) of on-board memory looked as capacious as the big-mouth logo on the Morton Downey Jr. television show; two built-in disk drives stored 180K
apiece, and the integral nine-inch monochrome monitor was a blessing to those with good eyesight or good eyeglasses. The whole package folded up into a nearly-30-pound lump that was billed as portable until true portables came along, and was later referred to as transportable, which it was in the sense that anything with a handle on it can be called transportable. The II, like other Kaypro products, came with a wide selection of software, some excellent, all usable, and at around $1,500 complete, was a great bargain.

Now, the truth of the matter is that an individual or small business can satisfy most computing needs with just such a machine. You can write letters, reports and memos, track income and outgo, organize lists of customers and inventory, craft your own specialized programs, and find a fairly large selection of commercial and public-domain software at rock-bottom prices. A well-maintained Beetle will still get you to the mall, too. But time does move on.

Just as 64K and CP/M gave way to 640K and MS-DOS, the operating system of the I.B.M. PC line, so will 640K and MS-DOS give way to memories measured in millions of characters and OS/2, the new I.B.M. operating system. But not just yet. In the mean-time, there are excellent values in machines that adhere to the old PC standard.

One such is the Kaypro PC. It is available in various configurations starting at not much more than $1,000, and it is as far ahead of the old Kaypro as it was ahead of a typewriter and mechanical calculator.

The version I have is a fully loaded model: one 5.25-inch drive for standard disks holding 360K, one 3.5-inch drive for the newer, compact disks holding 780K, and a 30-megabyte (that's 30 million characters) hard disk. There is the usual 640K of internal memory, plus an additional 128K that can be used for special purposes. The display adapter emulates both monochrome and color screens on an excellent amber monitor. The keyboard is in the style of that of the I.B.M. PC/AT, with extra-large shift and enter keys, and is quite comfortable for a fast, though not particularly accurate, touch typist.

The main unit is wide, a bit more than 19 inches, and deep, about 1.5 inches. The monitor sits on top, and the detachable keyboard in front, and it threatens to take more than its share of desk space. But a phone call to Kaypro brought assurances that there was no harm in turning the unit on its side, converting the 19 inches into vertical space, and the width into a mere 5.25 inches.

The machine comes with the operating system disk and Basic, not invariably included in the advertised prices of other computers. More important, it comes with WordStar 4.0, a professional-quality word processor that also includes a dictionary and thesaurus; PolyWindows, a collection of memory-resident programs such as a calculator, calendar and file-card generator, and more. There are other utilities for counting the number of words in a document, preparing new disks for use, copying files from one disk to another, and the like.
Best of all, these programs are accessible through a handy menu of selections; for most purposes it is not even necessary to deal with the operating system commands.

Unlike the previous line of Kaypros, a spreadsheet and a database are not included, but the line has to be drawn somewhere, and the line for all of the above is drawn at something less than $2,000. By way of comparison, when the I.B.M. XT, the general class of machine to which the Kaypro PC belongs, was introduced less than five years ago, it was listed at a price of almost $5,000, with only 128K of memory, one floppy drive and a 10-megabyte hard drive, and with neither monitor nor any software included.

Rap your knuckles - not too hard, please — on the main unit and you'll discover it's made of metal. Its older brothers were also made of metal, and the Whole Earth Software Catalog said the II looked "like a piece of military surplus." The current machine also gives the impression of ruggedness, but it is handsome as
well, sort of like a designer tank.

Will the Kaypro PC be ready for the Smithsonian five years from now? It's hard to say it, but most likely yes, Still, the computer has nine slots, three of them already occupied, into which various circuit cards can be plugged to give it new or expanded capabilities. And since the main processor is installed on a changeable circuit card, even a brain transplant is not out of the question. 
(New York Times, January 19, 1988)
</blockquote>

Keys:
[[File:KPC Keys.jpg]]
The keys appear to be unique to each machine. This set will not lock/unlock any of the machines that I have.

==Understanding the Kaypro PC Models==

There is some confusion about the model numbers of the various KPC models here is a table:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Model Number !! Description
|-
| K-PC || Base model without a harddrive from the factory
|-
| K-PC 01 || "Kaypro PC Starter Kit" No Multi-Function Card No CPU Card No Video Cards
|-
| K-PC 10 || Base model with a 10MB harddrive
|-
| K-PC 20 || Base model with a 20MB harddrive
|-
| K-PC 30 || Base model with a 30MB harddrive
|}

{|
|-
| This information was shipped with the Kaypro PC Starter Kit machines:
||
[[File:318211 KPC Starter Kit.jpg|400px]]
|}

===Kaypro XL===
There is one model that I am still working to get more information on it is the Kaypro XL. It might be a 286 based machine. 
[[File:Kaypro XL badge.jpg]] 
"Hello, I am looking for any docs or charts on the correct DIP switch settings to configure my old v20 CPU Kaypro XL computer. I am having some problems finding them and was wondering if anyone has the info, thanks in advace." 
(comp.sys.ibm.pc.hardware.comm, April 1, 1995)


From COMPUTER CONCEPTS, A Kaypro XL Computer Valued At $1,195 
(The Mail-Journal, Volume 27, Number 37, Milford, Kosciusko County, 26 October 1988)


==Manuals==
[[Kaypro_Manuals#Kaypro_PC|Kaypro PC Manuals]]

==News==
<blockquote>
Systems are available with such features as the IBM PC-compatible Kaypro PC-30 with 30 megabyte hard drive, full page monitor and adaptor, and EGA card. The systems range in price from $3,395 to $8,745.

Two upgrades are also available through Kaypro. The first, which retails for $1,549, includes software (Ventura Publisher, version 1.1, GEM Desktop, GEM Paint, and GEM Draw+), and a mouse. The second upgrade, available for $4,544, includes the software, a mouse, and a laser printer.

[[File:Profiles Sept 87 prices 286i pc-30.png|400px]]
 
(Profiles, September 1987)
</blockquote>

== Upgrades ==

"If you have a Kaypro PC with 4.77 Mhz clock, you can buy one of two processor boards from Kaypro Corporation that offer faster clocks. These are the 8 Mhz 8088/V-20 board, part number 5238; and the 10 Mhz 8088/V20 board, part number 5962. Many PC owners already have one of these boards — they've been standard equipment for almost two years now. If there is a toggle switch on the back panel of your computer near the reset button, then you already have either an 8 or 10 Mhz machine." (Profiles June 1988)

== BIOS ROMS ==
{|
|-
| 81-486 H || 4.77 Single Speed Board || 81-512(3) ||
[[File:81-486 H img.jpg|200px]]
||
[[File:81-486 H.bin]]
|-
| 81-486 L || 4.77/8 Dual Speed Board || 81-1184 Rev A ||
[[File:81-486 L img.jpg|200px]]
||
[[File:81-486 L.bin]]
|-
| 81-486 M || 4.7/8 Dual Speed Board || 81-1230 Rev A ||
[[File:81-486 M img.jpg|200px]]
||
[[File:81-486 M.bin]]
|}

==Card Comparisons==

===81-916 Multicard===
{|
|-
! REV A !! REV B
|-
|
[[File:KPC Multiboard 81-916 Rev A comp.jpg|300px]]
||
[[File:335516 IO Mem Card.jpg|257px]]
|-
|
[[File:KPC Multiboard 81-916 Rev A sold.jpg|300px]]
||
[[File:335516 IO Mem Card Back.jpg|285px]]
|}

==Kaypro PC #335516==
===Overview===
This is a complete (or nearly complete) Kaypro PC model 81-045-02. That has not been modified after purchase according to original owner.

[[File:335516 complete.jpg|400px]]

===Sales Receipt===
[[File:335516 receipt small.jpg|400px]] 
Notes:
* 335516 Sold on 7/29/86
* Machine upgraded to 768K without additional charge (Education Deal?)
* Image redacted for Personal Information

===Cards===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| CPU Card 
Model 81-1184 Rev A 
8MHz 
Kaypro
||
[[File:335516 CPU Card.jpg|300px]]
||
[[File:335516 CPU Card Back.jpg|300px]]
|-
|
||
"The standard processor card is based on an 8088 microprocessor running at 4.77 MHz. A socket on the card is provided to add an 8087 math coprocessor. Other components located on the processor card are a speaker subsystem and three counter-timers. Purchasing the processor card separately will cost you $395, including software." (Profiles, December 1985) 
Note the card from this computer is a later model with a higher speed processor which can be distinguished by the switch on the exterior plate.
See the #338575 “Expansion Unit” CPU Card for an example of the early 4.77MHz card without a switch.

||
[[File:KPC 8088 DIP settings.png|300px]] DIP switch settings 
'''Note#1:''' All 4 boards that I have have '''NO''' Co-processor but switch #1 is in the on position. The Technical Manual for the Kaypro PC confirms that this is a typo in this chart 
'''Note#2:''' The last setting listed is 4 disk drives with the settings being duplicated from the 3 disk setting. The technical manual states that it should be switch 4 - OFF, switch 5 - OFF
(Profiles, August 1987)
|-
| Video Card 
Appears to be a Hercules Clone Card 
from ATI
||
[[File:335516 Vid Card.jpg|300px]]
||
[[File:335516 Vid Card Back.jpg|300px]]
|-
|
||
"The KPC multivideo card supports monochrome, RGB color, and composite video monitors. It features a crisper, more readable character set than the standard IBM color card, along with software selectable
color or monochrome modes. Color and graphics support are the same as found on IBM's color/graphics card. The multivideo card is $395 if you purchase it separately." (Profiles, December 1985)
||
|-
| Hard Drive Card 
ADP 50 
Appears to be an ADP50L 
from Silicon Valley Computer, Inc.
||
[[File:335516 HD Card.jpg|300px]]
||
[[File:335516 HD Card Back.jpg|300px]]
|-
| "Multicard" - IO, Memory and Floppy Drive Card 
Model 81-916 Rev B 
Kaypro
||
[[File:335516 IO Mem Card.jpg|300px]]
||
[[File:335516 IO Mem Card Back.jpg|300px]]
|-
|
||
"Kaypro's multifunction card has room for 640K of RAM using three banks of 256K chips. On the standard system only one bank of RAM is populated, giving you 256K of system memory. The multifunction card is also home for the floppy disk controller, a Centronics parallel port, and an IBM-compatible serial port. This card is available separately for $325." (Profiles, December 1985)

<blockquote>The newer versions of the Kaypro PC multifunction boards have a different chip at U42: A 9239 floppy disk controller chip instead of the 9229. Upon first observation, you will note that pin 16 of this chip is sticking out of its socket.
Pin 16 is left out as a test point and should not be placed in the socket. If it is inadvertently inserted, you will have no video and no drive access. 
(Kugram, Nov Dec 1986)
</blockquote>
||
|-
|
||
[[File:KPC Multi board DIP.png|200px]][[File:KPC Multi board PIN 1.png|200px]]
||
[[File:KPC Multi board PIN 2.png|200px]]
|}

===Hard Drive===

{| class="wikitable"
|-
| Hard Drive Label || [[File:335516 HD.jpg|300px]]
|}

===Floppy Drives===

{| class="wikitable"
|-
| Floppy Drive Board 
Both Drives are Identical
|| [[File:335516 FD board.jpg|300px]]
|-
| Floppy Drive Label || [[File:335516 FD Label.jpg|300px]]
|}

===Power Supply===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| Power Supply Label || [[File:335516 power label.jpg|300px]]
|}

===Documentation and Manuals===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| [[File:335516 Software Package Checklist wm.jpg|left]]
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Manuals that were with the computer
|-
|
[[File:Kaypro PC Users Guide.jpg]] 
[[Media:Kaypro PC manual.pdf|Kaypro PC Manual]]
|-
|
[[File:Kaypro MS-DOS 3.1 User's Guide.jpg]] 
[[Media:Addendum to MSDOS 3.1 UG.pdf|Addendum to MSDOS 3.1 UG]]
|-
|
[[File:Kaypro MS-DOS 3.1 to 3.2 Guide.jpg]]
|}

[[Media:Addnedum Monitors.pdf|Addendum Monitors Instructions]]

[[Media:Using Half-Length Multi-Video Board.pdf|Using the Half-Length Multi-Video Board]]

===Disks===

[[File:335516Disks.jpg|left]]

Feel free to copy these for your personal use.

I would only ask that they not be posted to other websites as long as this website is functional.

Feel free to link to this page to share with others.

[[:File:DISK1.imd|Install Disk 1]] 
[[:File:DISK2.imd|Install Disk 2]] 
[[:File:DISK3.imd|Install Disk 3]] 
[[:File:DISK4.imd|Install Disk 4]] 
[[:File:DISK5.imd|Install Disk 5]] 
[[:File:DISK6.imd|Install Disk 6]] 
 
 

=== Monitor ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| [[File:335516 Monitor Label.jpg]]
|}

===Keyboard===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| [[File:335516 Keyboard.jpg]]
|}

===Boxes===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| [[File:335516 System Box label.jpg|thumb|System Box Front]]
|-
| [[File:335516 System Box side.jpg|thumb|System Box Side]]
|-
| [[File:335516 System Box top.jpg|thumb|System Box Top]]
|-
| [[File:335516 Monitor Box label.jpg|thumb|Monitor Box Front]]
|-
| [[File:335516 Monitor Box side.jpg|thumb|Monitor Box Side]]
|}

==Kaypro PC #338575 "Expansion Unit"==

{|
|-
|
[[File:KPC 338575 KEU label.jpg|300px]]
|}
===Overview===
Of the “Expansion Units” that I have seen in person and online they seem to be consistant in that they are based on the “Kaypro PC” (KPC). The case and CPU Cards are the same as their KPC cousins. Where they vary is that their memory is on a separate card rather than one the KPCs “Multicard”. This also means that the IO features are performed by a different card which usually has the video output functions on it. Also the floppy drive functions are performed by a separate card.

This means that the IO functions are usually limited due to there being only a parallel port since the video port fills the other half of the card’s external plate.

To me the name “Expansion Unit” is a poor name for the functionality of these machines. I am still looking for the reason why Kaypro named them the way that they did.

Marshall Mosley commented "I believe it came with an EMS card. For Lotus 123 people. I think."

It is consistent with the review of [https://ancientelectronics.wordpress.com/tag/8088-pc/ #440849] by Ancient Electronics. His machine has the same memory card. Although his machine has a separate video and IO card.

{|
|-
|
[[File:KPC EXP badge -440849.jpg|200px]]
|}

===Technical Info===
"Documentation for the Kaypro PC Expansion Unit is on the way from Kaypro Corp. The bank of five switch settings on the Expansion Unit's Processor Card works the same as on the Kaypro PC. Additionally, the bank of four switches on the Memory Card works the same as SW1 on the PC's Floppy Combo Board. In place of this, simply use the regular Kaypro PC switch settings." 
(Kugram, Jan-Feb 1987)

===Cards===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| CPU Card 
Model 81-512 Rev A 
4.77MHz 
Kaypro
||
[[File:KPC 338575 Processor Front.jpg|300px]]
||
[[File:KPC 338575 Processor Back.jpg|300px]]

|-
| Video Card/IO Card 
Labeled as Kaypro #4804
||
[[File:KPC 338575 Vid IO front.jpg|300px]]
||
[[File:KPC 338575 Vid IO back.jpg|300px]]

|-
| Floppy Drive Card 
Label: QEC-IVO
||
[[File:KPC 338575 Floppy Card front.jpg|300px]]
||
[[File:KPC 338575 Floppy Card back.jpg|300px]]
|-
| Memory Card 
Model 81-1208 Rev A 
Kaypro
||
[[File:KPC 338575 Mem Card front.jpg|300px]]
||
[[File:KPC 338575 Mem Card back.jpg|300px]]
|}

===Floppy Drives===

{| class="wikitable"

|-
| Floppy Drives || 2 Matsushita JU-455-5 DSDD drives
|}

Kaypro 286

2026-06-12T15:00:49Z

FrankRahman: /* Required Backplane (AKA Bus Board) */

==System Profile==

{|
|-
|
[[File:Kaypro 286.jpg|400px]]
|}
The KAYPRO 286, with Kaypro exclusive Snap-In Design is the complete computer. From monitor to EGA graphics, from enhanced keyboard to flexible dual-speed processing, the KAYPRO 286 has it all - including name-brand software with WordStar Professional Release 4.0. The KAYPRO 286: Speed, power, and performance - With the Future Built In. 
Standard Specifications for the KAYPRO 286
{|
| Processor: || 80286 microprocessor Keyboard-selectable 8/10/16 MHz clock Socket for 80287 math cco-processor
|-
| Video/Display: || Multivideo graphics adapter, EGA, CGA, MDA, and Hercules compatible on most monitors; 12-inch monochrome monitor
|-
| Memory: || 1 MB expandable to 8MB on CPU board
|-
| Disk Storage: || One 1.2 MB disk drive 40 MB hard drive, 35ms average access time
|-
| Ports: || AT-compatible serial and parallel
|-
| Expansion: || Nine slots, five available for user options
|-
| Keyboard: || Enhanced 101-style keyboard
|}

==Exterior==
{|
|-
|
[[File:286 chris singleton.jpg|600px]] 
Chris Singleton's 286
|}

{|
|-
| [[File:286 fcc label.jpg|400px]]
|}

==CPU board==
{|
|-
|
[[File:286 cpu board.jpg|600px]]
|}

==Manual==
{|
|-
| [[Media:Kaypro 286 manual.pdf|Kaypro 286 Manual]] ||
[[File:Kaypro 286 UG Cover.jpg|200px]]
|}

==Upgrading a Kaypro PC to a Kaypro 286==

===Required Bus Board===
Notice the three Bus Boards below. The upper left one has 4 slots populated for 16 bit cards and 5 slots for 8 bit cards. The lower left one is only setup for 9 slots of 8 bits each. The right one has 2 slots for 16 bit cards and 7 slots for 8 bit cards.

In order to take advantage of the 286's architecture the CPU card and other 16 bit cards need to plugged into the 16 bit slots.

This would only be an issue when you upgraded your Kaypro PC to a Kaypro 286 and would require a replacement Bus Board or the installation of the additional 36 pin card edge connectors on the board.

{|
|-
|
[[File:Backplane.jpg|400px]]
||
[[File:Backplane 2-16bit.jpg|400px]]
|}

<blockquote>
By upgrading to a processor board based on the 80286 microprocessor, you can effectively turn your computer into a fully functional AT-compatible if you have 16-bit slots. If you have 8-bit slots, you can still upgrade and achieve a degree of AT compatibly, but the shorter slots limit you. True AT compatibility requires that the computer read and write to external devices, such as AT hard disk controllers and extended memory boards, 16 bits at a time.

The first Kaypro PC bus boards had 8-bit slots. In mid-1986 Kaypro switched to a bus board with two 16-bit slots, and as of this writing (April 1988) that board is still being used. To reiterate, you can upgrade to an 80286 microprocessor even if you have 8-bit slots; but you are limited in your choice of expansion boards to those designed for PC and PC-XT compatibles.

If you are interested in obtaining a bus board that does have 16 bit slots, there are several courses open to you. First, you could go out and buy the necessary connectors and solder them in place, converting your old 8-bit board to a 16-bit
board. For those experienced with a soldering iron it is a fairly simple procedure. Others could pay to have this done, but that isn't really a good idea, because for the amount of money it would cost you could buy a brand new bus board.

The newer PC bus board with two 16-bit slots is available from your Kaypro dealer (part number 4344). Prices vary, but it should be somewhere around $100. A smarter move might be to spend a few extra dollars and order the bus board for Kaypro's new PC-286, which has four 16-bit slots (part number 5659). With one of those slots used by your new 80286 processor board, the other three are available for extended memory boards, AT-type hard disk controllers, and all kinds of 16-bit goodies. 
(Profiles, July 1988)
</blockquote>

===Hard drive controller===

"... the Kaypro 286 board will [not] work with the very earliest PC-10s. Their hard disk controllers run at 5 MHz, while the upgrade boards use 10 and
12 MHz speeds. If your hard disk controller consists of two boards, one bolted to the hard drive and connected by cables to another in an expansion slot, you will have to change controllers before you upgrade." 
(Profiles, September 1988)

==Ads==
{|
|-
|
[[File:286 ad blue.jpg|400px]]
||
[[File:286 ad color.jpg|400px]]
|}

==Articles==
"Kaypro Corporation recently introduced a 286
PC Card that, when exchanged for the 8088 card, enables the Kaypro PC to operate IBM PC/AT software. The "brain" of the 286 PC Card is an Intel 80286 CPU that utilizes the Kaypro PC's 16-bit potential. A trade-in allowance of $266 on your old 8088 card reduces the retail price of the 286 PC Card to $799, or $1065 without the trade-in." 
(Kugram, Jul-Aug 1986)

"Kaypro also introduced a 20-MHz version of its Series 286. The EGA system comes standard with 1 megabyte of
RAM, a 40-megabyte hard drive, MS-DOS 3.3, GW-Basic, and Microsoft Works. The system will ship in 30 days and will cost approximately $4,000." (Infoworld, November 28, 1988)

<blockquote>
Kaypro controller Bob Gorski said the shortage of DRAMs, which allow computers to store information for quick retrieval, has caused prices of the chips available to increase to as much as $10 each, compared with $3 as recently as late January.

The price increases have particularly hurt sales of Kaypro’s PC 286 model, a computer line introduced in December whose “guts” include 36 DRAMs. Despite the higher cost of the chips, Gorski said the PC 286 retail price has held steady at $2,995. 
(LA Times, March 30, 1988)
</blockquote>

Chris Singleton has contributed significantly to this page.

==Technical Notes==
<blockquote>'''KPC-286 CMOS ERROR FIX'''

The following board modification will solve many of the PC286
CMOS ram errors. Error indication is known by: 
1. Repeated "INVALID CONFIGURATION, PLEASE RUN SETUP". 
2. Audible error beep code of 1-1-3. 
3. Will boot only after Ctrl-Alt-Del. 

The fix involves replacing R9 (a 1.2K Ohm resistor) with an 1N6263 Diode. Physical placement is opposite of CR2 (the cathode band is down toward the card edge contact fingers).

Also the capacitor at C11 (upper right hand corner) must be
changed from a 0.1uf to a .47uf capacitor. This help stabilize power supply voltage at DS1210.

Technically the voltage difference between VCC (Power on) and
battery voltage (Power off) at DS1210 is not great enough. Therefore the DS1210 cannot switch voltage source or enable the CMOS ram
properly.

By replacing the series resistor R9 with a series diode, the total battery voltage drop across both diodes (CR2 & the new one at R9) is increased by approximately .7 volt. This, in turn, increases the voltage potential difference at DS1210 assuring proper operation.

Also, a 1 Meg resistor, watt, needs to be soldered from pin 2 to pin 5 at U5 on the backside of the board.

FROM: KAYPRO TECH SUPPORT

ORIGINATOR: JOHN HILL</blockquote>

<blockquote>
'''CONTINUOUS RESET FAILURES'''

Subject: PC286 and New 286i continuous RESET failures. 02/16/88 
FROM Kaypro tech support

RE: 3 Possible problems that cause continuous reset

1. Improper setup can cause continuous reset. Make sure, by going
through each and every parameter with the tech, that setup is
correct. This would entail making sure all third party boards or drives are identified in setup.

2. Certain 80286 processor chips, U10, are having heat related
problems that cause a continuous state of reset or reset for a
while and then lock up. The offending chips are AMD N80L286-12/S.
AMD chips can easily be identified by a large arrow on the chip.
These chips do not have a heat sink covering the chip so they are
readily readable. We are also sending an Intel 80286 chip without
a heat sink. (the AMD chip has Intel written on it for copywrite
priveleges. Don't mix these chips up). The Intel chip works fine.
We have AMD chips going out with a heat sink on the chip. These
work fine also. The offending AMD 80286 chip without a heat sink
has heat related problems. Spraying freon on the chip will make
it work properly again, for a little while. The chips do not work
in the temperature range they are specified to work in.

3. They have found several 160 watt power supplys on the production
line that are causing the continuing state of reset. It seems
crosstalk between the +5 and +12 volt lines is causing this
problem. If setup is correct and they do not have the offending
amd chip, swap out the power supply.

ORIGINATOR: JOHN HILL
</blockquote>

Kaypro PC

2026-06-12T14:51:03Z

FrankRahman: /* News */

{|
|-
|
[[File:Kaypro PC.jpg|400px]]
|}
The KAYPRO PC makes sense now with all the I flexibility you need for future enhancements. Thanks to Kaypro's non-obsolete design, the KAYPRO PC is a snap to update. Card-based system components — including the microprocessor — simply snap into place. 
Standard Specifications for the KAYPRO PC:
{|
| Processor: || 8088-compatible V-20 microproccessor, 8087 socket: 4.77/10MHz
|-
| Video/Display: || Multivideo graphics adapter, EGA, CGA, MDA, and Hercules compatible on most monitors; 12-inch monochrome monitor
|-
| Memory: || 768 KB standard
|-
| Drives: || Dual 360-KB disk drives
|-
| Ports: || IBM PC-compatible serial and parallel
|-
| Expansion: || Nine slots, six for user options
|-
| Keyboard: || Enhanced 101-style keyboard
|}

{|
|-
|
[[File:KPC Brochure Out.jpg|250px]]
|-
|
[[File:KPC Brochure In.jpg|250px]]
|}

==Introduction==
The Kaypro PC was the first mostly compatible PC from Kaypro. It had it's microprocessor on a add-on board so you could update to a new processor without changing out the entire machine.

{|
|-
|
[[File:Kaypro PC ad non-obsolescence.jpg|400px]]
|}

[[File:Kaypro PC Ad Family Computing June 87.png]]

Family Computing June 1987

{|
|-
|
[[File:81-045-02 label.jpg]]
|| [[File:81-045-05 label.jpg]]
|}

<blockquote>
It was the only sensible decision, but that didn't make it any pleasanter. Saying farewell to a faithful retainer is never easy. Still, it had to be done, and so we pulled the plug on the old Kaypro II, closed its cover, and sent it away.

The II was one of a series of machines using the older CP/M operating system that Kaypro started making in the early 1980's. That was a time when 64K (64,000 characters) of on-board memory looked as capacious as the big-mouth logo on the Morton Downey Jr. television show; two built-in disk drives stored 180K
apiece, and the integral nine-inch monochrome monitor was a blessing to those with good eyesight or good eyeglasses. The whole package folded up into a nearly-30-pound lump that was billed as portable until true portables came along, and was later referred to as transportable, which it was in the sense that anything with a handle on it can be called transportable. The II, like other Kaypro products, came with a wide selection of software, some excellent, all usable, and at around $1,500 complete, was a great bargain.

Now, the truth of the matter is that an individual or small business can satisfy most computing needs with just such a machine. You can write letters, reports and memos, track income and outgo, organize lists of customers and inventory, craft your own specialized programs, and find a fairly large selection of commercial and public-domain software at rock-bottom prices. A well-maintained Beetle will still get you to the mall, too. But time does move on.

Just as 64K and CP/M gave way to 640K and MS-DOS, the operating system of the I.B.M. PC line, so will 640K and MS-DOS give way to memories measured in millions of characters and OS/2, the new I.B.M. operating system. But not just yet. In the mean-time, there are excellent values in machines that adhere to the old PC standard.

One such is the Kaypro PC. It is available in various configurations starting at not much more than $1,000, and it is as far ahead of the old Kaypro as it was ahead of a typewriter and mechanical calculator.

The version I have is a fully loaded model: one 5.25-inch drive for standard disks holding 360K, one 3.5-inch drive for the newer, compact disks holding 780K, and a 30-megabyte (that's 30 million characters) hard disk. There is the usual 640K of internal memory, plus an additional 128K that can be used for special purposes. The display adapter emulates both monochrome and color screens on an excellent amber monitor. The keyboard is in the style of that of the I.B.M. PC/AT, with extra-large shift and enter keys, and is quite comfortable for a fast, though not particularly accurate, touch typist.

The main unit is wide, a bit more than 19 inches, and deep, about 1.5 inches. The monitor sits on top, and the detachable keyboard in front, and it threatens to take more than its share of desk space. But a phone call to Kaypro brought assurances that there was no harm in turning the unit on its side, converting the 19 inches into vertical space, and the width into a mere 5.25 inches.

The machine comes with the operating system disk and Basic, not invariably included in the advertised prices of other computers. More important, it comes with WordStar 4.0, a professional-quality word processor that also includes a dictionary and thesaurus; PolyWindows, a collection of memory-resident programs such as a calculator, calendar and file-card generator, and more. There are other utilities for counting the number of words in a document, preparing new disks for use, copying files from one disk to another, and the like.
Best of all, these programs are accessible through a handy menu of selections; for most purposes it is not even necessary to deal with the operating system commands.

Unlike the previous line of Kaypros, a spreadsheet and a database are not included, but the line has to be drawn somewhere, and the line for all of the above is drawn at something less than $2,000. By way of comparison, when the I.B.M. XT, the general class of machine to which the Kaypro PC belongs, was introduced less than five years ago, it was listed at a price of almost $5,000, with only 128K of memory, one floppy drive and a 10-megabyte hard drive, and with neither monitor nor any software included.

Rap your knuckles - not too hard, please — on the main unit and you'll discover it's made of metal. Its older brothers were also made of metal, and the Whole Earth Software Catalog said the II looked "like a piece of military surplus." The current machine also gives the impression of ruggedness, but it is handsome as
well, sort of like a designer tank.

Will the Kaypro PC be ready for the Smithsonian five years from now? It's hard to say it, but most likely yes, Still, the computer has nine slots, three of them already occupied, into which various circuit cards can be plugged to give it new or expanded capabilities. And since the main processor is installed on a changeable circuit card, even a brain transplant is not out of the question. 
(New York Times, January 19, 1988)
</blockquote>

Keys:
[[File:KPC Keys.jpg]]
The keys appear to be unique to each machine. This set will not lock/unlock any of the machines that I have.

==Understanding the Kaypro PC Models==

There is some confusion about the model numbers of the various KPC models here is a table:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Model Number !! Description
|-
| K-PC || Base model without a harddrive from the factory
|-
| K-PC 01 || "Kaypro PC Starter Kit" No Multi-Function Card No CPU Card No Video Cards
|-
| K-PC 10 || Base model with a 10MB harddrive
|-
| K-PC 20 || Base model with a 20MB harddrive
|-
| K-PC 30 || Base model with a 30MB harddrive
|}

{|
|-
| This information was shipped with the Kaypro PC Starter Kit machines:
||
[[File:318211 KPC Starter Kit.jpg|400px]]
|}

===Kaypro XL===
There is one model that I am still working to get more information on it is the Kaypro XL. It might be a 286 based machine. 
[[File:Kaypro XL badge.jpg]] 
"Hello, I am looking for any docs or charts on the correct DIP switch settings to configure my old v20 CPU Kaypro XL computer. I am having some problems finding them and was wondering if anyone has the info, thanks in advace." 
(comp.sys.ibm.pc.hardware.comm, April 1, 1995)


From COMPUTER CONCEPTS, A Kaypro XL Computer Valued At $1,195 
(The Mail-Journal, Volume 27, Number 37, Milford, Kosciusko County, 26 October 1988)


==Manuals==
[[Kaypro_Manuals#Kaypro_PC|Kaypro PC Manuals]]

==News==
<blockquote>
Systems are available with such features as the IBM PC-compatible Kaypro PC-30 with 30 megabyte hard drive, full page monitor and adaptor, and EGA card. The systems range in price from $3,395 to $8,745.

Two upgrades are also available through Kaypro. The first, which retails for $1,549, includes software (Ventura Publisher, version 1.1, GEM Desktop, GEM Paint, and GEM Draw+), and a mouse. The second upgrade, available for $4,544, includes the software, a mouse, and a laser printer.

[[File:Profiles Sept 87 prices 286i pc-30.png|400px]]
 
(Profiles, September 1987)
</blockquote>

== Upgrades ==

"If you have a Kaypro PC with 4.77 Mhz clock, you can buy one of two processor boards from Kaypro Corporation that offer faster clocks. These are the 8 Mhz 8088/V-20 board, part number 5238; and the 10 Mhz 8088/V20 board, part number 5962. Many PC owners already have one of these boards — they've been standard equipment for almost two years now. If there is a toggle switch on the back panel of your computer near the reset button, then you already have either an 8 or 10 Mhz machine." (Profiles June 1988)

== BIOS ROMS ==
{|
|-
| 81-486 H || 4.77 Single Speed Board || 81-512(3) ||
[[File:81-486 H img.jpg|200px]]
||
[[File:81-486 H.bin]]
|-
| 81-486 L || 4.77/8 Dual Speed Board || 81-1184 Rev A ||
[[File:81-486 L img.jpg|200px]]
||
[[File:81-486 L.bin]]
|-
| 81-486 M || 4.7/8 Dual Speed Board || 81-1230 Rev A ||
[[File:81-486 M img.jpg|200px]]
||
[[File:81-486 M.bin]]
|}

==Card Comparisons==

===81-916 Multicard===
{|
|-
! REV A !! REV B
|-
|
[[File:KPC Multiboard 81-916 Rev A comp.jpg|300px]]
||
[[File:335516 IO Mem Card.jpg|257px]]
|-
|
[[File:KPC Multiboard 81-916 Rev A sold.jpg|300px]]
||
[[File:335516 IO Mem Card Back.jpg|285px]]
|}

==Kaypro PC #335516==
===Overview===
This is a complete (or nearly complete) Kaypro PC model 81-045-02. That has not been modified after purchase according to original owner.

[[File:335516 complete.jpg|400px]]

===Sales Receipt===
[[File:335516 receipt small.jpg|400px]] 
Notes:
* 335516 Sold on 7/29/86
* Machine upgraded to 768K without additional charge (Education Deal?)
* Image redacted for Personal Information

===Cards===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| CPU Card 
Model 81-1184 Rev A 
8MHz 
Kaypro
||
[[File:335516 CPU Card.jpg|300px]]
||
[[File:335516 CPU Card Back.jpg|300px]]
|-
|
||
"The standard processor card is based on an 8088 microprocessor running at 4.77 MHz. A socket on the card is provided to add an 8087 math coprocessor. Other components located on the processor card are a speaker subsystem and three counter-timers. Purchasing the processor card separately will cost you $395, including software." (Profiles, December 1985) 
Note the card from this computer is a later model with a higher speed processor which can be distinguished by the switch on the exterior plate.
See the #338575 “Expansion Unit” CPU Card for an example of the early 4.77MHz card without a switch.

||
[[File:KPC 8088 DIP settings.png|300px]] DIP switch settings 
'''Note:''' All 4 boards that I have have '''NO''' Co-processor but switch #1 is in the on position so I believe this is a typo in this chart (Profiles, August 1987)
|-
| Video Card 
Appears to be a Hercules Clone Card 
from ATI
||
[[File:335516 Vid Card.jpg|300px]]
||
[[File:335516 Vid Card Back.jpg|300px]]
|-
|
||
"The KPC multivideo card supports monochrome, RGB color, and composite video monitors. It features a crisper, more readable character set than the standard IBM color card, along with software selectable
color or monochrome modes. Color and graphics support are the same as found on IBM's color/graphics card. The multivideo card is $395 if you purchase it separately." (Profiles, December 1985)
||
|-
| Hard Drive Card 
ADP 50 
Appears to be an ADP50L 
from Silicon Valley Computer, Inc.
||
[[File:335516 HD Card.jpg|300px]]
||
[[File:335516 HD Card Back.jpg|300px]]
|-
| "Multicard" - IO, Memory and Floppy Drive Card 
Model 81-916 Rev B 
Kaypro
||
[[File:335516 IO Mem Card.jpg|300px]]
||
[[File:335516 IO Mem Card Back.jpg|300px]]
|-
|
||
"Kaypro's multifunction card has room for 640K of RAM using three banks of 256K chips. On the standard system only one bank of RAM is populated, giving you 256K of system memory. The multifunction card is also home for the floppy disk controller, a Centronics parallel port, and an IBM-compatible serial port. This card is available separately for $325." (Profiles, December 1985)

<blockquote>The newer versions of the Kaypro PC multifunction boards have a different chip at U42: A 9239 floppy disk controller chip instead of the 9229. Upon first observation, you will note that pin 16 of this chip is sticking out of its socket.
Pin 16 is left out as a test point and should not be placed in the socket. If it is inadvertently inserted, you will have no video and no drive access. 
(Kugram, Nov Dec 1986)
</blockquote>
||
|-
|
||
[[File:KPC Multi board DIP.png|200px]][[File:KPC Multi board PIN 1.png|200px]]
||
[[File:KPC Multi board PIN 2.png|200px]]
|}

===Hard Drive===

{| class="wikitable"
|-
| Hard Drive Label || [[File:335516 HD.jpg|300px]]
|}

===Floppy Drives===

{| class="wikitable"
|-
| Floppy Drive Board 
Both Drives are Identical
|| [[File:335516 FD board.jpg|300px]]
|-
| Floppy Drive Label || [[File:335516 FD Label.jpg|300px]]
|}

===Power Supply===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| Power Supply Label || [[File:335516 power label.jpg|300px]]
|}

===Documentation and Manuals===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| [[File:335516 Software Package Checklist wm.jpg|left]]
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Manuals that were with the computer
|-
|
[[File:Kaypro PC Users Guide.jpg]] 
[[Media:Kaypro PC manual.pdf|Kaypro PC Manual]]
|-
|
[[File:Kaypro MS-DOS 3.1 User's Guide.jpg]] 
[[Media:Addendum to MSDOS 3.1 UG.pdf|Addendum to MSDOS 3.1 UG]]
|-
|
[[File:Kaypro MS-DOS 3.1 to 3.2 Guide.jpg]]
|}

[[Media:Addnedum Monitors.pdf|Addendum Monitors Instructions]]

[[Media:Using Half-Length Multi-Video Board.pdf|Using the Half-Length Multi-Video Board]]

===Disks===

[[File:335516Disks.jpg|left]]

Feel free to copy these for your personal use.

I would only ask that they not be posted to other websites as long as this website is functional.

Feel free to link to this page to share with others.

[[:File:DISK1.imd|Install Disk 1]] 
[[:File:DISK2.imd|Install Disk 2]] 
[[:File:DISK3.imd|Install Disk 3]] 
[[:File:DISK4.imd|Install Disk 4]] 
[[:File:DISK5.imd|Install Disk 5]] 
[[:File:DISK6.imd|Install Disk 6]] 
 
 

=== Monitor ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| [[File:335516 Monitor Label.jpg]]
|}

===Keyboard===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| [[File:335516 Keyboard.jpg]]
|}

===Boxes===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| [[File:335516 System Box label.jpg|thumb|System Box Front]]
|-
| [[File:335516 System Box side.jpg|thumb|System Box Side]]
|-
| [[File:335516 System Box top.jpg|thumb|System Box Top]]
|-
| [[File:335516 Monitor Box label.jpg|thumb|Monitor Box Front]]
|-
| [[File:335516 Monitor Box side.jpg|thumb|Monitor Box Side]]
|}

==Kaypro PC #338575 "Expansion Unit"==

{|
|-
|
[[File:KPC 338575 KEU label.jpg|300px]]
|}
===Overview===
Of the “Expansion Units” that I have seen in person and online they seem to be consistant in that they are based on the “Kaypro PC” (KPC). The case and CPU Cards are the same as their KPC cousins. Where they vary is that their memory is on a separate card rather than one the KPCs “Multicard”. This also means that the IO features are performed by a different card which usually has the video output functions on it. Also the floppy drive functions are performed by a separate card.

This means that the IO functions are usually limited due to there being only a parallel port since the video port fills the other half of the card’s external plate.

To me the name “Expansion Unit” is a poor name for the functionality of these machines. I am still looking for the reason why Kaypro named them the way that they did.

Marshall Mosley commented "I believe it came with an EMS card. For Lotus 123 people. I think."

It is consistent with the review of [https://ancientelectronics.wordpress.com/tag/8088-pc/ #440849] by Ancient Electronics. His machine has the same memory card. Although his machine has a separate video and IO card.

{|
|-
|
[[File:KPC EXP badge -440849.jpg|200px]]
|}

===Technical Info===
"Documentation for the Kaypro PC Expansion Unit is on the way from Kaypro Corp. The bank of five switch settings on the Expansion Unit's Processor Card works the same as on the Kaypro PC. Additionally, the bank of four switches on the Memory Card works the same as SW1 on the PC's Floppy Combo Board. In place of this, simply use the regular Kaypro PC switch settings." 
(Kugram, Jan-Feb 1987)

===Cards===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| CPU Card 
Model 81-512 Rev A 
4.77MHz 
Kaypro
||
[[File:KPC 338575 Processor Front.jpg|300px]]
||
[[File:KPC 338575 Processor Back.jpg|300px]]

|-
| Video Card/IO Card 
Labeled as Kaypro #4804
||
[[File:KPC 338575 Vid IO front.jpg|300px]]
||
[[File:KPC 338575 Vid IO back.jpg|300px]]

|-
| Floppy Drive Card 
Label: QEC-IVO
||
[[File:KPC 338575 Floppy Card front.jpg|300px]]
||
[[File:KPC 338575 Floppy Card back.jpg|300px]]
|-
| Memory Card 
Model 81-1208 Rev A 
Kaypro
||
[[File:KPC 338575 Mem Card front.jpg|300px]]
||
[[File:KPC 338575 Mem Card back.jpg|300px]]
|}

===Floppy Drives===

{| class="wikitable"

|-
| Floppy Drives || 2 Matsushita JU-455-5 DSDD drives
|}

Kaypro Manuals

2026-06-12T14:37:20Z

FrankRahman: /* Kaypro PC */

On this page on the left side of the image(s) is the link to the PDF. The image(s) are just to show any variations possible with that version.

==Operating Systems==

===CP/M===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:CPM OS Manual Jan 1978.pdf| CP/M OS Manual Copyright Jan. 1978]]
||
[[File:CPM KII manual Jan 78.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11" KII V1
||
[[File:CPM KII manual v1.5.jpg]] 
8.5" x 11" KII V2 (Contents same as KII Version 1)
||
[[File:KII CPM Version 2.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11" KII V3 (Contents same as KII Version 1)
||
[[File:CPM manual Jan 78.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11" (Contents same as KII Version 1)
|-
| [[Media:CPM OS Manual July 1982.pdf|CP/M OS Manual Copyright July 1982]] ||
[[File:CPM manual July 1982.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
||
|}

===DOS===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:MS-DOS UG2.1 7 9.pdf|MS-DOS 2.1 User's Guide]]
||
[[File:MS-DOS 2.1 UG 7 9 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:MS-DOS 2.1 Programmers reference 7 9.pdf|MS-DOS 2.1 Programmer's Reference]]
||
[[File:MS-DOS 2.1 Programmers reference cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
||
[[File:MS DOS OS Programmer Reference.jpg]] 7" x 9" Same as MS-DOS 2.1 PR
|-
|
MS-DOS 3.1 User's Guide and User's Reference (Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:MS-DOS 3.1 UG Users reference 7 9 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

==Programming==

===Basic===

====Microsoft Basic====

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Sbasic booklet.pdf|Microsoft Basic Booklet]]
||
[[File:Sbasic booklet img.jpg|200px]] 
5.5" x 7.5"
|-
|
[[Media:MS Basic UG 8.5 11 full.pdf|Microsoft Basic Manual]]
||
[[File:MS Basic UG 8.5 11.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11" version
||
[[File:MS Basic UG 7 9.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9" version - PDF Pages 6, 228 and 229 are removed otherwise it is the same
|}

====CBasic====

{|
|-
|
[[Media:CBasic Manual 7 9.pdf|CBasic Manual]]
||
[[File:CBasic Manual 7 9 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

====S-Basic====

{|
|-
|
S-Basic Kaypro II Manual 
(Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:S-Basic Kaypro II 8.5 11 cover.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11"
|-
|
S-Basic Manual Jan 1983 
(Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:S-Basic 8.5 11 jan 1983 cover.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11"
|-
|
[[Media:S-Basic 8.5 11 may 1983.pdf|S-Basic Manual May 1983]]
||
[[File:S-Basic 8.5 11 may 1983 cover.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11"
|-
|
S-Basic Manual Sept 1983 
(Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:S-Basic 7 9 sept 1983 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

====GW-Basic====

{|
|-
|
[[Media:GW-Basic 2.0 7 9.pdf|GW-Basic 2.0]]
||
[[File:GW-Basic 2.0 7 9 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:GW-Basic 3.1 1984.pdf|GW-Basic 3.1]]
||
[[File:GW-Basic 3.1 1984 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:GW-Basic UG 3.2.pdf|GW-Basic 3.2]]
||
[[File:GW-Basic UG 3.2 cover.jpg|200px]] 
6" x 9"
|}

==Software (Kaypro Supplied)==

===Introduction to Software===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Intro to Software July 1983.pdf|Intro to Software July 1983]]
 (Version 1, Likely 1542-A)
||
[[File:Intro to software 7 9 July 1983 cover.jpg|200px]] 7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Intro to software 7 9 Sep 1984.pdf|Intro to Software Sep 1983 (1542-B)]]
||
[[File:Intro to software 7 9 Sep 1984 cover.jpg|200px]] 7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Intro to Software 7 9 Jan 1984.pdf|Intro to Software Jan 1984 (1542-C)]]
||
[[File:Intro to Software 7 9 Jan 1984 cover.jpg|200px]] 7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Intro to software 7 9 Mar 1984.pdf|Intro to Software Mar 1984 (1542-D)]]
||
[[File:Intro to software 7 9 Mar 1984 cover.jpg|200px]] 7" x 9"
|-
| Intro to Software Aug 1984 (Only one copy so no scan) (1542-E) ||
[[File:Intro to software Aug 1984.jpg|200px]] 7" x 9"
|}

===Perfect Suite===

====Perfect Filer====

{|
|-
|

[[Media:Perfect Filer 1982.pdf|Perfect Filer Manual 1982]]
||
[[File:Perfect Filer 7 9 1982 cover.jpg|200px]]
|-
|
[[Media:Perfect Filer 7 9 1983.pdf|Perfect Filer Manual 1983]]
||
[[File:Perfect Filer 7 9 1983 cover.jpg|200px]]
|}
{|
|-
|
[[File:Perfect Filer Spine 1982 vs 1983.jpg|500px]] 
The obvious difference on the outside is the spine of the book. 
The upper is the 1982 version. The lower is the 1983 version.
|}

[[Media:Perfect Filer Reference Card.pdf|Perfect Filer Reference Card]]

====Perfect Calc====

{|
|-
| Perfect Calc Manual 1982 (Only one copy so no scan) ||
[[File:Perfect Calc Manual 7 9 1982 Cover.jpg|200px]]
|-
|
[[Media:Perfect Calc Manual 7 9 1983.pdf|Perfect Calc Manual 1983]]
||
[[File:Perfect Calc Manual 7 9 1983 Cover.jpg|200px]]
|}
{|
|-
|
[[File:Perfect Calc Manual Spines 1982 vs 1983.jpg|500px]] 
The obvious difference on the outside is the spine of the book. 
The upper is the 1982 version. The lower is the 1983 version.
|}

[[Media:Perfect Calc Reference Card.pdf|Perfect Calc Reference Card]]

====Perfect Writer====
{|
|-
|
[[Media:Perfect Writer 1982.pdf|Perfect Writer / Perfect Speller Manual 1982]]
||
[[File:Perfect Writer PS 7 9 Cover 1982.jpg|200px]]
|-
|
[[Media:Perfect Writer PS 7 9 1983.pdf|Perfect Writer / Perfect Speller Manual 1983]]
||
[[File:Perfect Writer PS 7 9 Cover 1983.jpg|200px]]
|-
| Kaypro 1 Users & Perfect Writer Manual 1985 (Only one copy so no scan) Includes Kaypro 1 User's Guide and does not include the Perfect Speller Section.
||
[[File:Perfect Writer K1 7 9 Cover 1985.jpg|200px]]
|}
{|
|-
|
[[File:Perfect Writer 1982 vs 1983 vs 1985.jpg|500px]] 
The obvious difference of the 82 vs 83 on the outside is the spine of the book. 
The upper is the 1982 version. The middle is the 1983 version. The bottom is the K1 PW 1985 version.
|}

[[Media:Perfect Writer Reference Card.pdf|Perfect Writer Reference Card]]

===The Word Plus===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:The word plus manual.pdf|The Word Plus Manual]]
||
[[File:The word plus Manual cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9" Version 1.2
|}

===Select===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Select 8.5 11 1981.pdf|Select Manual]] This version is from the double ended book with
ProfitPlan
||
[[File:Select 8.5 11 1981 cover.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11"
|}

===ProfitPlan===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:ProfitPlan 8.5 11 1981 double ended.pdf|ProfitPlan Manual 1981]] This version is from the double ended book with Select. I cannot find a difference between this version and the next.
||
[[File:ProfitPlan 8.5 11 1981 cover.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11"
|-
|
[[Media:Profitplan Manual 8.5 11.pdf|ProfitPlan Manual 1981]]
||
[[File:Profitplan Manual Cover 8.5 11.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11"
|-
|
[[Media:ProfitPlan Manual 7 9 1983.pdf|ProfitPlan Manual 1983]]
||
[[File:ProfitPlan Manual 7 9 1983 Cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

===MicroPlan===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:MicroPlan 7 9.pdf|MicroPlan Manual]]
||
[[File:MicroPlan 7 9 Cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

===MailMerge===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:MailMerge Ref 7 9.pdf|MailMerge Reference Manual]]
||
[[File:MailMerge Ref 7 9 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

===Supersort===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Supersort 7 9 1981.pdf|Supersort Manual]]
||
[[File:Supersort 7 9 1981 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

===PolyWindows Desk Plus===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Polywindows Desk Plus.pdf|PolyWindows Desk Plus]] 
||
[[File:Polywindows Desk Plus Ver A 7 9.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Polywindows Desk Plus and KDesk Ver C 7 9.pdf|PolyWindows Desk Plus and KDesk]]
||
[[File:PloyWindows Desk Plus and KDesk Manual Ver C 7 9.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

===The Traveling Expense Manager===

{|
|-
|
The Traveling Expense Manager 
(Only one copy so no scan) 
For K2000
||
[[File:Traveling Expense Manager Manual.jpg]] 
5.5" x 7.5"
|}

===Uniform===

{|
|-
|
Uniform UG 
(Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:Uniform Users Guide 5.5 7.5 1983.jpg|200px]] 
5.5" x 7.5"
|}

===Star Suite===

====WordStar====

{|
|-
| WordStar Version 3.0 (Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:Wordstar 8.5 11 Version 3.0 1981 cover.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11"
|-
|
[[Media:Wordstar 7 9 Version 3.3.pdf|WordStar Version 3.3]]
||
[[File:Wordstar 7 9 Version 3.3 1983 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Wordstar Binder 6 9 Version 3.3.pdf|Wordstar Binder Version 3.3]]
||
[[File:Wordstar Binder 6 9 Version 3.3 cover.jpg|200px]] 
6" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Wordstar Mailmerge Users Guide Jul 1985.pdf|WordStar/MailMerge UG July 1985 3916-A]]
||
[[File:Wordstar Mailmerge Users Guide Jul 1985 3916-A cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
WordStar/MailMerge UG Feb 1986 3916-B (Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:Wordstar Mailmerge Users Guide 3916-B Feb 1986 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
WordStar/MailMerge UG No Date 3916-B (Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:Wordstar Mailmerge Users Guide 3916-B No date cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Wordstar Primer 7 9 1986.pdf|WordStar Primer]]
||
[[File:Wordstar Primer 7 9 1986 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Wordstar Training Guide 7 9 Feb 1983.pdf|WordStar Training Guide]]
||
[[File:Wordstar Training Guide 7 9 Feb 1983 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

[[Media:WordStar Commend Card Unknown Version.pdf|WordStar Commend Card Unknown Version]]

[[Media:WordStar Commend Card Version 3.0.pdf|WordStar Commend Card Version 3.0]]

====CalcStar====

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Calcstar UM 7 9 1982.pdf|CalcStar User's Manual]]
||
[[File:Calcstar UM 7 9 1982 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

[[Media:CalcStar Reference Card.pdf|CalcStar Reference Card]]

====CorrectStar/StarIndex====

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Correctstar Starindex 7 9 1984.pdf|CorrectStar StarIndex]]
||
[[File:Correctstar Starindex 7 9 1984 Cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

====DataStar====

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Datastar Ref 7 9 1982.pdf|DataStar Reference Manual]]
||
[[File:Datastar Ref 7 9 1982 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Datastar Training 7 9 1982.pdf|DataStar Training Guide]]
||
[[File:Datastar Training 7 9 1982 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

====ReportStar====

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Reportstar GIM 7 9 1982.pdf|ReportStar General Information Manual]]
||
[[File:Reportstar GIM 7 9 1982 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Reportstar URM 7 9 1982.pdf|ReportStar User's Reference Manual]]
||
[[File:Datastar Training 7 9 1982 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Reportstar TG 7 9 Spiral.pdf|ReportStar Technical]]
||
[[File:Reportstar TG 7 9 Spiral cover.jpg|200px]] 
Guide Flat Bound 
9" x 7"
||
[[File:Reportstar TG 7 9 1982 cover.jpg|200px]] 
Guide Glue Binding 
9" x 7"
|}

[[Media:ReportStar Command Card.pdf|ReportStar Command Card]]

===SuprTerm===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:SuprTerm 7 9 1983.pdf|SuprTerm UG]]
||
[[File:SuprTerm UG 7 9 1983.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

===Mite===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Mite UG 1985 Version E.pdf|Mite UG 1985 Version E]]
||
[[File:Mite 7 9 1985 E cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Mite 7 9 1985 F.pdf|Mite UG 1985 Version F]] I cannot find the difference except that they have different part numbers.
||
[[File:Mite 7 9 1985 F cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

===dBase II===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:DBase II 7 9 1982.pdf|dBase II UG]]
||
[[File:DBase II 7 9 1982 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

==Machines==

===Kaypro II, 2, 4, 4X, Robie===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:KII UG 1982.pdf|Kaypro II UG 1982]]
||
[[File:KII UG 1982 cover.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11"
|-
|
[[Media:KUG Feb 1983.pdf|Kaypro II UG Feb 1983]]
||
[[File:KUG Feb 1983 1 cover.jpg|200px]] 7" x 9" Optional software sticker
||
[[File:KUG Feb 1983 2 cover.jpg|200px]] 7" x 9" Kaypro 4 sticker
|-
|
[[Media:KUG 1983 Version 1.pdf|Kaypro UG Ver 1 1983 (1100)]] 
First mention of the Kaypro 4
||
[[File:KUG 1983 Version 1 cover.jpg|200px]]
|-
|
[[Media:KUG 1983 Version 5 Revision 1.pdf|Kaypro UG Ver 5 Rev 1 1983 (1100)]]
||
[[File:KUG 1983 Version 5 Revision 1 cover.jpg|200px]]
|-
|
[[Media:KUG 7 9 May 1984.pdf|Kaypro UG May 1984 (1463-L)]]
||
[[File:KUG 7 9 May 1984 cover.jpg|200px]]
|-
|
[[Media:Kaypro UG Nov 1984.pdf|Kaypro UG Nov 1984 (1463-L)]] 
First Mention of the 4X and Robie
||
[[File:Kaypro UG Nov 84.jpg]]

|}

===Kaypro 1===

{|
|-
| Kaypro 1 Users Guide & Perfect Writer Manual 1985 (Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:Perfect Writer K1 7 9 Cover 1985.jpg|200px]]
|}

===Kaypro 16===

{|
|-
| [[Media:Kaypro 16 users guide.pdf|Kaypro 16 User's Guide]]
||
[[File:Kaypro 16 UG cover.jpg|200px]]
|-
| [[Media:Kaypro 16 users guide Addendum 16E.pdf|Addendum Kaypro 16E]]
|}

===Kaypro 2000===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:K2000 UG 3655-C.pdf|Kaypro 2000 User's Guide]]
 3655-C (Preliminary)
(Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:K2000 UG.jpg]]
|-
|
[[Media:K2000 UG 3655-D.pdf|Kaypro 2000 User's Guide]]
 3655-D (Back is mislabeled 3655-C)
Besides formatting changes: 
Additional Keyboard commands in "The Keyboard" section 
Includes KSTATUS.COM and KBOOT.COM when making system diskettes. 
Addtional information in the "SPECIAL FUNCTIONS" section 
||
[[File:K2000 UG.jpg]]
|}

====Kaypro 2000 Multi-Adapter UG====
{|
|-
|
[[Media:K2000 Multi-Adapter UG.pdf|Kaypro 2000 Multi-Adapter UG]]
||
[[File:K2000 Multi-Adapter UG cover.jpg]]

|}

===Kaypro PC===

{|
|-
| [[Media:Kaypro PC manual.pdf|Kaypro PC User's Guide]] || [[File:Kaypro PC Users Guide.jpg|200px]]
|-
|
[[Media:Kaypro PC Tech Manual June 1986.pdf|Kaypro PC Technical Manual]]
||
[[File:Kaypro PC Tech Manual June 1986 cover.jpg]]
|}

===Kaypro 286i===

{|
|-
| [[Media:Kaypro 286i manual.pdf|Kaypro 286i Manual]]
||
[[File:Kaypro 286i Manual Cover.jpg|200px]]
|}

===Kaypro 286===
{|
|-
| [[Media:Kaypro 286 manual.pdf|Kaypro 286 Manual]] ||
[[File:Kaypro 286 UG Cover.jpg|200px]]
|}

===Kaypro 386===
{|
|-
| [[Media:Kaypro 386 Manual.pdf|Kaypro 386 Manual]] ||
[[File:Kaypro 386 UG Cover.jpg|200px]]
|}

==Monitors==

===Kaypro Monochrome Monitor===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Kaypro KP-1254G Monitor Manual.pdf|Kaypro KP-1254G Manual]]
||
[[File:Kaypro KP-1254G Cover.jpg|200px]]
|}

==Modems==

===Kaypro 1200 Baud Internal Modem===

{|
|-
| Kaypro 1200 Baud Internal Modem UG 
(Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:Kaypro 1200 Baud Modem UG.jpg]]
|}

==Printers==

===Kaypro Letter-Quality Printer===

{|
|-
| Kaypro Letter-Quality Printer UG 
(Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:Letter Quality Printer UG 7 9 1984.jpg|200px]]
|}

File:Kaypro PC Tech Manual June 1986.pdf

2026-06-12T14:35:58Z

FrankRahman:

Kaypro PC Tech Manual June 1986

File:Kaypro PC Tech Manual June 1986 cover.jpg

2026-06-12T14:34:22Z

FrankRahman:

Kaypro PC Tech Manual June 1986 cover

Omni Logic Analyzer

2026-06-10T01:25:13Z

FrankRahman: /* Omni 4 */

==Omni II==
<blockquote>
[[File:OMNI II Microcomputing Oct 1983 image.jpg]] 
'''A Dual-Purpose Portable''' 
The Omni II, from Omnilogic, Inc. (PO Box 87, Renton, WA 98057), is designed to integrate the utility of a timing/state logic analyzer with a full-function CP/M microcomputer-all in a portable 27 pound package. 
Upon being powered-up, the Omni II does an automatic self-check of its internal circuitry. The setup page will then appear, allowing configuration of the machine for data collection. After data collection, the Omni II provides timing analysis, which is necessary for hardware troubleshooting. For software analysis, the Omni II becomes a state analysis machine. 
As a CP/M computer, the Omni II utilizes a Z-80 CPU and 64K of RAM. It also features two 5 1/4-inch, double density disk drives. The builtin nine-inch monitor displays 24 rows by 80 columns. 
The ASCII keyboard is detachable with cursor-control keys and numeric pad. An RS-232C serial interface, a Centronics-type parallel interface and seven CP/M programs. 
The Omni II is priced at $3950. 
(Microcomputing, October 1983)
</blockquote>


{|
|-
| [[File:Omni 2 case.jpg]]
||
[[File:OMNI II KII back.jpg]]
|}
Omni II from an ebay listing. (This is a Kaypro II, from before model numbers.)

 
{|
|-
|
[[File:OMNI II shell from ebay.jpg]]
||
[[File:OMNI II shell from ebay omni 2X chassis front.jpg]]
|-
|
An Omni II shell with what appears to be an Omni 4 lower chassis. Note that the chassis has the enlarged drive opening like an Omni 4 and is a 2X.
||
[[File:OMNI II shell from ebay omni 2X chassis back.jpg]]
|}


[[File:Omni II striped side.jpg]] 
A second style of shell from the VCF website. This is a Kaypro 4 based on the mainboard, and the colors of the shell and keyboard.
[[File:Omni II front.jpg]] 
There are two ports for the probes to attach to under the disk drives. This detail can be seen in the picture from the Microcomputing article image also.
[[File:Omni II MB.jpg]] 
The two EPROMS highlighted are labeled: 
OMNI II CPU 32 7-30-84 
OMNI 2 CHAR 2 8-23-84


==Omni 4==

[[Omni 4 292222|See detailed pictures of the inside of the Omni 4 292222]]

[[File:Omni 4 side.jpg]] 
Both of my Omnis are this type of Omni 4. 

[[File:OMNI 4.png|400px]] 
See the lettering on the side is above and below the side stripe like the second style of Omni II. 
(Image from Broadcast Engineering Magazine November 1986)

===Operations Manual===
[[Media:Omni4 Logic Analyzer Op Man Rev D.pdf|Omni4 Logic Analyzer Operations Manual Rev D]]

==Accessories==
[[File:Omni bag.jpg]] 
This bag seems to be derived from the Black Vinyl Bag for the Kaypro machines with the leather badge changed.

==News==

<blockquote>
'''Omni 4 logic analyzer'''

By Gerry Kaufhold II

Look inside a typical modern videotape
recorder and you'll find five functional
circuit groups: power supply, mechanical
subassemblies, audio circuits, video circuits and the digital control circuits. Although each section can be repaired with
common test equipment, there are occasions when specialized test equipment is
required.

'''Common circuits''' 
The power supply can usually be
analyzed adequately with a general-purpose oscilloscope, voltohm-meter and a
capacitance checker. The mechanical
subassemblies, such as motors, pulleys,
gear linkages and rotating heads, can
generally be checked for proper operation by visual inspection. The servo
motors may require an oscilloscope, a torque meter or a wow-and-flutter meter.
Quad tape machines also may require pressure gauges.

The audio circuits can be checked with
an oscilloscope. However, there is often
the need for more specialized test equipment such as frequency counters, signal generators and distortion meters.

Although a technician may be able to
repair video circuits using a general-purpose scope, four pieces of specialized video test gear usually come into play: a color monitor, color-bar test pattern generator, vectorscope and a waveform monitor. Sometimes a sync generator or procamp also may be necessary.

Although most of the circuits mentioned can be repaired with the listed equipment, there is one class of circuits that may require specialized test equipment-digital circuits. Unlike audio and video signals, digital signals are both fast and slow. It's also necessary to view more than one signal at a time, and this sometimes makes digital control circuits difficult to troubleshoot.

For years, the computer industry has
realized the need to view multiple signals
at once. It is only recently that broadcast engineers, faced with the need to repair complex equipment, have looked beyond the standard list of test equipment. One of the devices making its way into broadcast stations is the Omni 4 logic analyzer, made by OmniLogic.

The analyzer allows monitoring of numerous signal or data lines at one time. In one regard, it is much like a multichannel oscilloscope. However, the device goes far beyond what a scope could do for effective troubleshooting.

The analyzer is composed of a computer and sophisticated software that allows you to examine the internal workings of microprocessor-based equipment. Through the use of test probes, called pods, the device can monitor data lines to help isolate defective components.

'''Construction''' 
The logic analyzer comes completely
contained within a Kaypro brand 2-X
portable computer. The computer contains the standard package of hardware:
processor, detachable keyboard, highresolution video display, two floppy disk drives, parallel printer interface and an internal 300-baud modem. A special logic analyzer also is added. Additional storage is provided under the disk drives for the diskettes, logic analyzer connectors and interconnecting cables. The complete assembly makes the logic analyzer
portable, and it's only slightly more bulky than most portable scopes.

'''Software''' 
The analyzer comes with all of the standard Kaypro software: operating system, word processor, spreadsheet, database manager and modem controller.
Software manuals also are provided. Special proprietary programs are supplied to execute the analysis functions. This software is the heart of effective troubleshooting. (See Figure 1.)

[[File:OMNI fig 1.png|400px]]

The various tests are selected from a
menu displayed on the CRT screen. Selection is made by pressing a single key. If you get confused or lost, the various functions are explained through a help command. By pushing "T" combined
with the feature's letter, you bring up an
explanation of the desired command.

'''Hardware''' 
The logic analyzer board, mounted inside the computer, provides the interface
circuitry and test circuits. Active circuitry is contained within the test pods, which connect to the device under test (DUT). Spring-loaded microclips provide the connections between the interface pods and the DUT. Where possible, dip clips can be attached to the DUT. The dip clips make the interconnection with the logic analyzer much easier.

The microclips use color-coded wire, which helps identify the individual leads.
Even so, writing down the clip color-coding and IC pin numbers helps avoid confusion. It's not unusual to have 16 or 32 leads running around, which can lead to
interconnection errors.

The interface pods use active circuitry
to present a high-impedance load to the
DUT. The impedance is greater than 1MΩ
combined with less than 5pF capacitance. Two pod types can be purchased.
The standard pod uses TTL logic-level
circuitry. A CMOS pod also is available.
Most troubleshooting applications require the TTL pods.

[[File:OMNI 2 pods.png|400px]]

The logic analyzer board relies on
high-speed random access (RAM) chips
and a programmable comparator. The
comparator acts as the high-speed trigger circuit. The analyzer is capable of detecting pulse durations as short as 10ns.

The internal processor clock permits
the analyzer to store the waveform timing information in 50ns increments,
which is a 20MHz clock rate. The internal clock is capable of being set in a 1-2-5
sequence, much like an oscilloscope horizontal sweep rate control. The clock can be varied over a range from 50ns to 32ms. An external clock input allows the
logic analyzer to store information in synchronization with the DUT. The external clock mode is used when performing instruction disassembly or when capturing data from externally clocked logic
circuits.

[[File:OMNI conn switcher.png|400px]]

A total of 1,000 16-bit samples can be
captured per test. This data, along with
all of the setup information, can be
stored on floppy disk for later analysis.
Each floppy disk can store up to 40 sets
of data, including all of the appropriate
setup information.

'''Features''' 
When troubleshooting digital circuitry,
it may be necessary to study a lot of information about the circuit under test before actually connecting the test equipment For example, when we faced repairing a parallel-to-serial converter circuit in our transmitter, we had to review the circuit schematic and theory of operation, and then look at TTL data books to obtain pin numbers and signal names for
the suspected ICs. A list of the necessary
interconnections between the logic analyzer and the DUT also was made. Only
then were we ready to begin running
some tests.

Digital circuits use timing pulses to
keep the information in sync, much like
video waveforms. However, unlike video, which relies on a single sequential
sync pulse, digital circuits typically have several signals all occurring at the same time. As many as 18 simultaneous signals may be used to trigger the analyzer.

[[File:OMNI fig 2.png|400px]]

The trigger setup panel, shown in Figure 2, provides 15 triggering categories, with multiple choices available within each category. When using the analyzer,
you can call up onto the video display detailed explanations about each of the 15 categories by pushing the "?" key and the category number. This self instruction feature helps you get quickly into actual circuit analysis.

Even though we had some idea about how the circuit worked in the remote control, we first had to derive a valid trigger configuration. The data analyzer's display works in real time. Therefore, it was necessary to modify the triggering inputs until we were correctly capturing the data. The trigger setup was then stored on disk so it could be called back at any time quickly and reliably.

When the logic analyzer is properly connected and the trigger is programmed, the operator pushes "G" to begin capturing the data. As soon as the trigger occurs, and 1,000 samples have been collected, the logic analyzer displays the DUT waveforms. The names option permits the operator to create individual names to identify each line of data. The displayed waveforms can be printed for later examination, as shown in Figure 3. A movable cursor permits scrolling through the data. You can calculate the timing intervals between signals by using the calculate command.

[[File:OMNI fig 3.png|400px]]

The logic analyzer provides a powerful
correlation feature, which can be used to
locate differences between the data of a
known-good unit and a faulty DUT. Tests
can be performed on a working piece of
equipment with the results stored on
disk. Later on, if that equipment fails, the previously stored good data can be compared bit by bit with the current bad
data. Any differences can then be easily
spotted and analyzed to discover likely
circuit failures.

'''Other features''' 
[[File:OMNI fig 4.png|400px]]

The analyzer will display data in numerous forms using the option menu and the dump display. For example, data can be displayed in hexadecimal, octal,
decimal or binary. (See Figure 4.) Instruction disassembly can be performed on microprocessor programs. Histograms that show the addresses being used by software also can be displayed as shown in Figure 5. Data can be searched for various patterns using the locate command.

[[File:OMNI fig 5.png|400px]]

Several broadcast equipment manufacturers are producing equipment that permits the device's microprocessor to free run through its address space. This hardware feature permits the owner to apply
the powerful techniques of signature analysis to troubleshooting. The device's
signature analysis feature stores up to 14
circuit signatures at once. By capturing
and storing signatures from known-good
equipment and then comparing these signatures with signatures from a bad
board, a technician can quickly narrow
down a circuit fault to a small region on
the printed circuit board. The test also
could be used to easily generate and
store fresh signatures each time a circuit
board is updated.

The analyzer comes complete, and no
options are required to immediately begin learning about digital circuitry. A pattern-generator option is available, which can be used to provide digital patterns to exercise a circuit. An EPROM programmer also is available for those wishing to make backup copies of the EPROM used in much of today's equipment.

The analyzer's computer portion can
be serviced by local Kaypro repair depots. The logic analyzer portion can be
repaired by the owner or returned to the
company for servicing. The logic analyzer card is mounted on the top of the computer boards and is easy to install and remove. Replacement microchips and active circuit pods also are available from the company.

'''Instruction manual''' 
The instruction manual is nearly 200
pages long. The instructions are clearly
written and contain numerous illustrations. The manual is designed with edge-stripes that can be used to open the book to the appropriate heading. In addition to the detailed instructions, a quick-start chapter gets a new operator up and running within minutes. For example, our staff was able to begin capturing data
from a camera microprocessor card in
less than 20 minutes after receiving the
logic analyzer.

'''Operator training''' 
Some engineers may be intimidated by
the prospect of using such a device to
troubleshoot their equipment. Most other
troubleshooting techniques require only
one or two test leads and maybe a couple
of traces on a scope. The prospect of
looking at eight or more scope traces or
a display filled with binary or hexadecimal digits might send the engineer running to the phone for help.

However, because today's equipment
is becoming so complex, different troubleshooting techniques have to be
learned. These new techniques often require sophisticated test equipment. The
key to repairing the new broadcast gear
is to get this new generation of test
equipment into the hands of maintenance engineers and give them a chance
to learn how to effectively use it.

If you have ever been faced with repairing a complex microprocessor device, you have some idea of how difficult it can be. Scopes, logic probes and counters are often insufficient to effect repairs.
On the other hand, if you learn how to
use a logic analyzer, you can drastically
cut that repair time. In some cases,
repairs may be impossible without such a
device. To be effective, however, the engineer needs time to become thoroughly
acquainted with the equipment.

The Omni 4 logic analyzer provides
troubleshooting capability not available
in other devices. It's not a simple device. Modern test equipment seldom is.
However, properly used, it can help you
repair complex broadcast equipment. 
(Broadcast Engineering, November 1986)
</blockquote>

==Other Sources==
[https://hackaday.io/project/20151-omni-4-a-kaypro-2x-logic-analyzer Hackaday project]

[https://forum.vcfed.org/index.php?threads/omni-ii-logic-analyzer-computer.37488/ VCF Article]

File:Omni 4 222 adapter bottom.jpg

2026-06-10T01:23:19Z

FrankRahman: FrankRahman uploaded a new version of File:Omni 4 222 adapter bottom.jpg

Omni 4 222 adapter bottom

File:Omni 4 222 adapter top.jpg

2026-06-10T01:22:35Z

FrankRahman: FrankRahman uploaded a new version of File:Omni 4 222 adapter top.jpg

Omni 4 222 adapter top

Omni 4 292222

2026-06-10T01:20:27Z

FrankRahman:

One of my Omni 4s is #292222. Pictures below:

{|
|-
|
[[File:Omni 4 292222.jpg]]
||
[[File:Omni 4 222 MB.jpg]] Adapter board is on the right side of this image. Where the harddrive would connect.
|-
|
[[File:Omni 4 222 adapter top.jpg]]
[[File:Omni 4 222 adapter bottom.jpg]]
||
[[File:Omni 4 222 dual boards.jpg]]
|}
{|
|-
|
[[File:Omni 4 222 Omni board top.jpg]]
|-
|
[[File:Omni 4 222 Omni board bottom.jpg]]
|}
{|
|-
|
[[File:Omni 4 222 Omni Board Label.jpg]]
||
[[File:Omni 4 222 monitor rom.jpg]]
[[File:Omni 4 222 Char ROM.jpg]]
|-
|
[[File:Omni 4 222 data cable and housing.jpg]]
||
[[File:Omni 4 222 Data cables bottom.jpg]]
|-
|
[[File:Omni 4 222 Drilled hole.jpg]]
||
|}

File:Omni 4 222 Drilled hole.jpg

2026-06-10T01:20:03Z

FrankRahman:

Omni 4 222 Drilled hole

File:Omni 4 222 Data cables bottom.jpg

2026-06-10T01:19:18Z

FrankRahman:

Omni 4 222 Data cables bottom

File:Omni 4 222 data cable and housing.jpg

2026-06-10T01:18:27Z

FrankRahman:

Omni 4 222 data cable and housing

Omni 4 292222

2026-06-10T01:14:27Z

FrankRahman: Created page with "One of my Omni 4s is #292222. Pictures below: {| |- | File:Omni 4 292222.jpg || File:Omni 4 222 MB.jpg Adapter board is on the right side of this image. Where the harddrive would connect. |- | File:Omni 4 222 adapter top.jpg File:Omni 4 222 adapter bottom.jpg || File:Omni 4 222 dual boards.jpg |} {| |- | File:Omni 4 222 Omni board top.jpg |- | File:Omni 4 222 Omni board bottom.jpg |} {| |- | File:Omni 4 222 Omni Board Label..."

File:Omni 4 222 Char ROM.jpg

2026-06-10T01:11:43Z

FrankRahman:

Omni 4 222 Char ROM

File:Omni 4 222 monitor rom.jpg

2026-06-10T01:10:24Z

FrankRahman:

Omni 4 222 monitor rom

File:Omni 4 222 Omni Board Label.jpg

2026-06-10T01:09:33Z

FrankRahman:

Omni 4 222 Omni Board Label

File:Omni 4 222 Omni board bottom.jpg

2026-06-10T01:08:09Z

FrankRahman:

Omni 4 222 Omni board bottom

File:Omni 4 222 Omni board top.jpg

2026-06-10T01:05:59Z

FrankRahman:

Omni 4 222 Omni board top

File:Omni 4 222 dual boards.jpg

2026-06-10T01:04:38Z

FrankRahman:

Omni 4 222 dual boards

File:Omni 4 222 adapter bottom.jpg

2026-06-10T01:03:32Z

FrankRahman:

Omni 4 222 adapter bottom

File:Omni 4 222 adapter top.jpg

2026-06-10T01:02:22Z

FrankRahman:

Omni 4 222 adapter top

File:Omni 4 222 MB.jpg

2026-06-10T00:58:52Z

FrankRahman:

Omni 4 222 MB

File:Omni 4 292222.jpg

2026-06-10T00:57:57Z

FrankRahman:

Omni 4 292222

Omni Logic Analyzer

2026-06-09T18:32:27Z

FrankRahman: /* Omni II */

==Omni II==
<blockquote>
[[File:OMNI II Microcomputing Oct 1983 image.jpg]] 
'''A Dual-Purpose Portable''' 
The Omni II, from Omnilogic, Inc. (PO Box 87, Renton, WA 98057), is designed to integrate the utility of a timing/state logic analyzer with a full-function CP/M microcomputer-all in a portable 27 pound package. 
Upon being powered-up, the Omni II does an automatic self-check of its internal circuitry. The setup page will then appear, allowing configuration of the machine for data collection. After data collection, the Omni II provides timing analysis, which is necessary for hardware troubleshooting. For software analysis, the Omni II becomes a state analysis machine. 
As a CP/M computer, the Omni II utilizes a Z-80 CPU and 64K of RAM. It also features two 5 1/4-inch, double density disk drives. The builtin nine-inch monitor displays 24 rows by 80 columns. 
The ASCII keyboard is detachable with cursor-control keys and numeric pad. An RS-232C serial interface, a Centronics-type parallel interface and seven CP/M programs. 
The Omni II is priced at $3950. 
(Microcomputing, October 1983)
</blockquote>


{|
|-
| [[File:Omni 2 case.jpg]]
||
[[File:OMNI II KII back.jpg]]
|}
Omni II from an ebay listing. (This is a Kaypro II, from before model numbers.)

 
{|
|-
|
[[File:OMNI II shell from ebay.jpg]]
||
[[File:OMNI II shell from ebay omni 2X chassis front.jpg]]
|-
|
An Omni II shell with what appears to be an Omni 4 lower chassis. Note that the chassis has the enlarged drive opening like an Omni 4 and is a 2X.
||
[[File:OMNI II shell from ebay omni 2X chassis back.jpg]]
|}


[[File:Omni II striped side.jpg]] 
A second style of shell from the VCF website. This is a Kaypro 4 based on the mainboard, and the colors of the shell and keyboard.
[[File:Omni II front.jpg]] 
There are two ports for the probes to attach to under the disk drives. This detail can be seen in the picture from the Microcomputing article image also.
[[File:Omni II MB.jpg]] 
The two EPROMS highlighted are labeled: 
OMNI II CPU 32 7-30-84 
OMNI 2 CHAR 2 8-23-84


==Omni 4==

[[File:Omni 4 side.jpg]] 
Both of my Omnis are this type of Omni 4. 

[[File:OMNI 4.png|400px]] 
See the lettering on the side is above and below the side stripe like the second style of Omni II. 
(Image from Broadcast Engineering Magazine November 1986)

===Operations Manual===
[[Media:Omni4 Logic Analyzer Op Man Rev D.pdf|Omni4 Logic Analyzer Operations Manual Rev D]]

==Accessories==
[[File:Omni bag.jpg]] 
This bag seems to be derived from the Black Vinyl Bag for the Kaypro machines with the leather badge changed.

==News==

<blockquote>
'''Omni 4 logic analyzer'''

By Gerry Kaufhold II

Look inside a typical modern videotape
recorder and you'll find five functional
circuit groups: power supply, mechanical
subassemblies, audio circuits, video circuits and the digital control circuits. Although each section can be repaired with
common test equipment, there are occasions when specialized test equipment is
required.

'''Common circuits''' 
The power supply can usually be
analyzed adequately with a general-purpose oscilloscope, voltohm-meter and a
capacitance checker. The mechanical
subassemblies, such as motors, pulleys,
gear linkages and rotating heads, can
generally be checked for proper operation by visual inspection. The servo
motors may require an oscilloscope, a torque meter or a wow-and-flutter meter.
Quad tape machines also may require pressure gauges.

The audio circuits can be checked with
an oscilloscope. However, there is often
the need for more specialized test equipment such as frequency counters, signal generators and distortion meters.

Although a technician may be able to
repair video circuits using a general-purpose scope, four pieces of specialized video test gear usually come into play: a color monitor, color-bar test pattern generator, vectorscope and a waveform monitor. Sometimes a sync generator or procamp also may be necessary.

Although most of the circuits mentioned can be repaired with the listed equipment, there is one class of circuits that may require specialized test equipment-digital circuits. Unlike audio and video signals, digital signals are both fast and slow. It's also necessary to view more than one signal at a time, and this sometimes makes digital control circuits difficult to troubleshoot.

For years, the computer industry has
realized the need to view multiple signals
at once. It is only recently that broadcast engineers, faced with the need to repair complex equipment, have looked beyond the standard list of test equipment. One of the devices making its way into broadcast stations is the Omni 4 logic analyzer, made by OmniLogic.

The analyzer allows monitoring of numerous signal or data lines at one time. In one regard, it is much like a multichannel oscilloscope. However, the device goes far beyond what a scope could do for effective troubleshooting.

The analyzer is composed of a computer and sophisticated software that allows you to examine the internal workings of microprocessor-based equipment. Through the use of test probes, called pods, the device can monitor data lines to help isolate defective components.

'''Construction''' 
The logic analyzer comes completely
contained within a Kaypro brand 2-X
portable computer. The computer contains the standard package of hardware:
processor, detachable keyboard, highresolution video display, two floppy disk drives, parallel printer interface and an internal 300-baud modem. A special logic analyzer also is added. Additional storage is provided under the disk drives for the diskettes, logic analyzer connectors and interconnecting cables. The complete assembly makes the logic analyzer
portable, and it's only slightly more bulky than most portable scopes.

'''Software''' 
The analyzer comes with all of the standard Kaypro software: operating system, word processor, spreadsheet, database manager and modem controller.
Software manuals also are provided. Special proprietary programs are supplied to execute the analysis functions. This software is the heart of effective troubleshooting. (See Figure 1.)

[[File:OMNI fig 1.png|400px]]

The various tests are selected from a
menu displayed on the CRT screen. Selection is made by pressing a single key. If you get confused or lost, the various functions are explained through a help command. By pushing "T" combined
with the feature's letter, you bring up an
explanation of the desired command.

'''Hardware''' 
The logic analyzer board, mounted inside the computer, provides the interface
circuitry and test circuits. Active circuitry is contained within the test pods, which connect to the device under test (DUT). Spring-loaded microclips provide the connections between the interface pods and the DUT. Where possible, dip clips can be attached to the DUT. The dip clips make the interconnection with the logic analyzer much easier.

The microclips use color-coded wire, which helps identify the individual leads.
Even so, writing down the clip color-coding and IC pin numbers helps avoid confusion. It's not unusual to have 16 or 32 leads running around, which can lead to
interconnection errors.

The interface pods use active circuitry
to present a high-impedance load to the
DUT. The impedance is greater than 1MΩ
combined with less than 5pF capacitance. Two pod types can be purchased.
The standard pod uses TTL logic-level
circuitry. A CMOS pod also is available.
Most troubleshooting applications require the TTL pods.

[[File:OMNI 2 pods.png|400px]]

The logic analyzer board relies on
high-speed random access (RAM) chips
and a programmable comparator. The
comparator acts as the high-speed trigger circuit. The analyzer is capable of detecting pulse durations as short as 10ns.

The internal processor clock permits
the analyzer to store the waveform timing information in 50ns increments,
which is a 20MHz clock rate. The internal clock is capable of being set in a 1-2-5
sequence, much like an oscilloscope horizontal sweep rate control. The clock can be varied over a range from 50ns to 32ms. An external clock input allows the
logic analyzer to store information in synchronization with the DUT. The external clock mode is used when performing instruction disassembly or when capturing data from externally clocked logic
circuits.

[[File:OMNI conn switcher.png|400px]]

A total of 1,000 16-bit samples can be
captured per test. This data, along with
all of the setup information, can be
stored on floppy disk for later analysis.
Each floppy disk can store up to 40 sets
of data, including all of the appropriate
setup information.

'''Features''' 
When troubleshooting digital circuitry,
it may be necessary to study a lot of information about the circuit under test before actually connecting the test equipment For example, when we faced repairing a parallel-to-serial converter circuit in our transmitter, we had to review the circuit schematic and theory of operation, and then look at TTL data books to obtain pin numbers and signal names for
the suspected ICs. A list of the necessary
interconnections between the logic analyzer and the DUT also was made. Only
then were we ready to begin running
some tests.

Digital circuits use timing pulses to
keep the information in sync, much like
video waveforms. However, unlike video, which relies on a single sequential
sync pulse, digital circuits typically have several signals all occurring at the same time. As many as 18 simultaneous signals may be used to trigger the analyzer.

[[File:OMNI fig 2.png|400px]]

The trigger setup panel, shown in Figure 2, provides 15 triggering categories, with multiple choices available within each category. When using the analyzer,
you can call up onto the video display detailed explanations about each of the 15 categories by pushing the "?" key and the category number. This self instruction feature helps you get quickly into actual circuit analysis.

Even though we had some idea about how the circuit worked in the remote control, we first had to derive a valid trigger configuration. The data analyzer's display works in real time. Therefore, it was necessary to modify the triggering inputs until we were correctly capturing the data. The trigger setup was then stored on disk so it could be called back at any time quickly and reliably.

When the logic analyzer is properly connected and the trigger is programmed, the operator pushes "G" to begin capturing the data. As soon as the trigger occurs, and 1,000 samples have been collected, the logic analyzer displays the DUT waveforms. The names option permits the operator to create individual names to identify each line of data. The displayed waveforms can be printed for later examination, as shown in Figure 3. A movable cursor permits scrolling through the data. You can calculate the timing intervals between signals by using the calculate command.

[[File:OMNI fig 3.png|400px]]

The logic analyzer provides a powerful
correlation feature, which can be used to
locate differences between the data of a
known-good unit and a faulty DUT. Tests
can be performed on a working piece of
equipment with the results stored on
disk. Later on, if that equipment fails, the previously stored good data can be compared bit by bit with the current bad
data. Any differences can then be easily
spotted and analyzed to discover likely
circuit failures.

'''Other features''' 
[[File:OMNI fig 4.png|400px]]

The analyzer will display data in numerous forms using the option menu and the dump display. For example, data can be displayed in hexadecimal, octal,
decimal or binary. (See Figure 4.) Instruction disassembly can be performed on microprocessor programs. Histograms that show the addresses being used by software also can be displayed as shown in Figure 5. Data can be searched for various patterns using the locate command.

[[File:OMNI fig 5.png|400px]]

Several broadcast equipment manufacturers are producing equipment that permits the device's microprocessor to free run through its address space. This hardware feature permits the owner to apply
the powerful techniques of signature analysis to troubleshooting. The device's
signature analysis feature stores up to 14
circuit signatures at once. By capturing
and storing signatures from known-good
equipment and then comparing these signatures with signatures from a bad
board, a technician can quickly narrow
down a circuit fault to a small region on
the printed circuit board. The test also
could be used to easily generate and
store fresh signatures each time a circuit
board is updated.

The analyzer comes complete, and no
options are required to immediately begin learning about digital circuitry. A pattern-generator option is available, which can be used to provide digital patterns to exercise a circuit. An EPROM programmer also is available for those wishing to make backup copies of the EPROM used in much of today's equipment.

The analyzer's computer portion can
be serviced by local Kaypro repair depots. The logic analyzer portion can be
repaired by the owner or returned to the
company for servicing. The logic analyzer card is mounted on the top of the computer boards and is easy to install and remove. Replacement microchips and active circuit pods also are available from the company.

'''Instruction manual''' 
The instruction manual is nearly 200
pages long. The instructions are clearly
written and contain numerous illustrations. The manual is designed with edge-stripes that can be used to open the book to the appropriate heading. In addition to the detailed instructions, a quick-start chapter gets a new operator up and running within minutes. For example, our staff was able to begin capturing data
from a camera microprocessor card in
less than 20 minutes after receiving the
logic analyzer.

'''Operator training''' 
Some engineers may be intimidated by
the prospect of using such a device to
troubleshoot their equipment. Most other
troubleshooting techniques require only
one or two test leads and maybe a couple
of traces on a scope. The prospect of
looking at eight or more scope traces or
a display filled with binary or hexadecimal digits might send the engineer running to the phone for help.

However, because today's equipment
is becoming so complex, different troubleshooting techniques have to be
learned. These new techniques often require sophisticated test equipment. The
key to repairing the new broadcast gear
is to get this new generation of test
equipment into the hands of maintenance engineers and give them a chance
to learn how to effectively use it.

If you have ever been faced with repairing a complex microprocessor device, you have some idea of how difficult it can be. Scopes, logic probes and counters are often insufficient to effect repairs.
On the other hand, if you learn how to
use a logic analyzer, you can drastically
cut that repair time. In some cases,
repairs may be impossible without such a
device. To be effective, however, the engineer needs time to become thoroughly
acquainted with the equipment.

The Omni 4 logic analyzer provides
troubleshooting capability not available
in other devices. It's not a simple device. Modern test equipment seldom is.
However, properly used, it can help you
repair complex broadcast equipment. 
(Broadcast Engineering, November 1986)
</blockquote>

==Other Sources==
[https://hackaday.io/project/20151-omni-4-a-kaypro-2x-logic-analyzer Hackaday project]

[https://forum.vcfed.org/index.php?threads/omni-ii-logic-analyzer-computer.37488/ VCF Article]

Omni Logic Analyzer

2026-06-09T18:31:20Z

FrankRahman: /* Omni II */

==Omni II==
<blockquote>
[[File:OMNI II Microcomputing Oct 1983 image.jpg]] 
'''A Dual-Purpose Portable''' 
The Omni II, from Omnilogic, Inc. (PO Box 87, Renton, WA 98057), is designed to integrate the utility of a timing/state logic analyzer with a full-function CP/M microcomputer-all in a portable 27 pound package. 
Upon being powered-up, the Omni II does an automatic self-check of its internal circuitry. The setup page will then appear, allowing configuration of the machine for data collection. After data collection, the Omni II provides timing analysis, which is necessary for hardware troubleshooting. For software analysis, the Omni II becomes a state analysis machine. 
As a CP/M computer, the Omni II utilizes a Z-80 CPU and 64K of RAM. It also features two 5 1/4-inch, double density disk drives. The builtin nine-inch monitor displays 24 rows by 80 columns. 
The ASCII keyboard is detachable with cursor-control keys and numeric pad. An RS-232C serial interface, a Centronics-type parallel interface and seven CP/M programs. 
The Omni II is priced at $3950. 
(Microcomputing, October 1983)
</blockquote>


{|
|-
| [[File:Omni 2 case.jpg]]
||
[[File:OMNI II KII back.jpg]]
|}
Omni II from an ebay listing. (This is a Kaypro II, from before model numbers.)

 
{|
|-
|
[[File:OMNI II shell from ebay.jpg]]
||
[[File:OMNI II shell from ebay omni 2X chassis front.jpg]]
|-
|
An Omni II shell with what appears to be an Omni 4 lower chassis. Note that the chassis has the enlarged drive opening like an Omni 4 and is a 2X.
||
[[File:OMNI II shell from ebay omni 2X chassis back.jpg]]
|}


[[File:Omni II striped side.jpg]] 
A second style of shell from the VCF website. This is a Kaypro 4 based on the mainboard, and the colors of the shell and keyboard.
[[File:Omni II front.jpg]] 
There are two ports for the probes to attach to under the disk drives. This detail can be seen in the picture from the Microcomputing article image also.
[[File:Omni II MB.jpg]] 
The two EPROMS highlighted are labeled: 
OMNI II CPU 32 7-30-84 
OMNI 2 CHAR 2 8-23-84


==Omni 4==

[[File:Omni 4 side.jpg]] 
Both of my Omnis are this type of Omni 4. 

[[File:OMNI 4.png|400px]] 
See the lettering on the side is above and below the side stripe like the second style of Omni II. 
(Image from Broadcast Engineering Magazine November 1986)

===Operations Manual===
[[Media:Omni4 Logic Analyzer Op Man Rev D.pdf|Omni4 Logic Analyzer Operations Manual Rev D]]

==Accessories==
[[File:Omni bag.jpg]] 
This bag seems to be derived from the Black Vinyl Bag for the Kaypro machines with the leather badge changed.

==News==

<blockquote>
'''Omni 4 logic analyzer'''

By Gerry Kaufhold II

Look inside a typical modern videotape
recorder and you'll find five functional
circuit groups: power supply, mechanical
subassemblies, audio circuits, video circuits and the digital control circuits. Although each section can be repaired with
common test equipment, there are occasions when specialized test equipment is
required.

'''Common circuits''' 
The power supply can usually be
analyzed adequately with a general-purpose oscilloscope, voltohm-meter and a
capacitance checker. The mechanical
subassemblies, such as motors, pulleys,
gear linkages and rotating heads, can
generally be checked for proper operation by visual inspection. The servo
motors may require an oscilloscope, a torque meter or a wow-and-flutter meter.
Quad tape machines also may require pressure gauges.

The audio circuits can be checked with
an oscilloscope. However, there is often
the need for more specialized test equipment such as frequency counters, signal generators and distortion meters.

Although a technician may be able to
repair video circuits using a general-purpose scope, four pieces of specialized video test gear usually come into play: a color monitor, color-bar test pattern generator, vectorscope and a waveform monitor. Sometimes a sync generator or procamp also may be necessary.

Although most of the circuits mentioned can be repaired with the listed equipment, there is one class of circuits that may require specialized test equipment-digital circuits. Unlike audio and video signals, digital signals are both fast and slow. It's also necessary to view more than one signal at a time, and this sometimes makes digital control circuits difficult to troubleshoot.

For years, the computer industry has
realized the need to view multiple signals
at once. It is only recently that broadcast engineers, faced with the need to repair complex equipment, have looked beyond the standard list of test equipment. One of the devices making its way into broadcast stations is the Omni 4 logic analyzer, made by OmniLogic.

The analyzer allows monitoring of numerous signal or data lines at one time. In one regard, it is much like a multichannel oscilloscope. However, the device goes far beyond what a scope could do for effective troubleshooting.

The analyzer is composed of a computer and sophisticated software that allows you to examine the internal workings of microprocessor-based equipment. Through the use of test probes, called pods, the device can monitor data lines to help isolate defective components.

'''Construction''' 
The logic analyzer comes completely
contained within a Kaypro brand 2-X
portable computer. The computer contains the standard package of hardware:
processor, detachable keyboard, highresolution video display, two floppy disk drives, parallel printer interface and an internal 300-baud modem. A special logic analyzer also is added. Additional storage is provided under the disk drives for the diskettes, logic analyzer connectors and interconnecting cables. The complete assembly makes the logic analyzer
portable, and it's only slightly more bulky than most portable scopes.

'''Software''' 
The analyzer comes with all of the standard Kaypro software: operating system, word processor, spreadsheet, database manager and modem controller.
Software manuals also are provided. Special proprietary programs are supplied to execute the analysis functions. This software is the heart of effective troubleshooting. (See Figure 1.)

[[File:OMNI fig 1.png|400px]]

The various tests are selected from a
menu displayed on the CRT screen. Selection is made by pressing a single key. If you get confused or lost, the various functions are explained through a help command. By pushing "T" combined
with the feature's letter, you bring up an
explanation of the desired command.

'''Hardware''' 
The logic analyzer board, mounted inside the computer, provides the interface
circuitry and test circuits. Active circuitry is contained within the test pods, which connect to the device under test (DUT). Spring-loaded microclips provide the connections between the interface pods and the DUT. Where possible, dip clips can be attached to the DUT. The dip clips make the interconnection with the logic analyzer much easier.

The microclips use color-coded wire, which helps identify the individual leads.
Even so, writing down the clip color-coding and IC pin numbers helps avoid confusion. It's not unusual to have 16 or 32 leads running around, which can lead to
interconnection errors.

The interface pods use active circuitry
to present a high-impedance load to the
DUT. The impedance is greater than 1MΩ
combined with less than 5pF capacitance. Two pod types can be purchased.
The standard pod uses TTL logic-level
circuitry. A CMOS pod also is available.
Most troubleshooting applications require the TTL pods.

[[File:OMNI 2 pods.png|400px]]

The logic analyzer board relies on
high-speed random access (RAM) chips
and a programmable comparator. The
comparator acts as the high-speed trigger circuit. The analyzer is capable of detecting pulse durations as short as 10ns.

The internal processor clock permits
the analyzer to store the waveform timing information in 50ns increments,
which is a 20MHz clock rate. The internal clock is capable of being set in a 1-2-5
sequence, much like an oscilloscope horizontal sweep rate control. The clock can be varied over a range from 50ns to 32ms. An external clock input allows the
logic analyzer to store information in synchronization with the DUT. The external clock mode is used when performing instruction disassembly or when capturing data from externally clocked logic
circuits.

[[File:OMNI conn switcher.png|400px]]

A total of 1,000 16-bit samples can be
captured per test. This data, along with
all of the setup information, can be
stored on floppy disk for later analysis.
Each floppy disk can store up to 40 sets
of data, including all of the appropriate
setup information.

'''Features''' 
When troubleshooting digital circuitry,
it may be necessary to study a lot of information about the circuit under test before actually connecting the test equipment For example, when we faced repairing a parallel-to-serial converter circuit in our transmitter, we had to review the circuit schematic and theory of operation, and then look at TTL data books to obtain pin numbers and signal names for
the suspected ICs. A list of the necessary
interconnections between the logic analyzer and the DUT also was made. Only
then were we ready to begin running
some tests.

Digital circuits use timing pulses to
keep the information in sync, much like
video waveforms. However, unlike video, which relies on a single sequential
sync pulse, digital circuits typically have several signals all occurring at the same time. As many as 18 simultaneous signals may be used to trigger the analyzer.

[[File:OMNI fig 2.png|400px]]

The trigger setup panel, shown in Figure 2, provides 15 triggering categories, with multiple choices available within each category. When using the analyzer,
you can call up onto the video display detailed explanations about each of the 15 categories by pushing the "?" key and the category number. This self instruction feature helps you get quickly into actual circuit analysis.

Even though we had some idea about how the circuit worked in the remote control, we first had to derive a valid trigger configuration. The data analyzer's display works in real time. Therefore, it was necessary to modify the triggering inputs until we were correctly capturing the data. The trigger setup was then stored on disk so it could be called back at any time quickly and reliably.

When the logic analyzer is properly connected and the trigger is programmed, the operator pushes "G" to begin capturing the data. As soon as the trigger occurs, and 1,000 samples have been collected, the logic analyzer displays the DUT waveforms. The names option permits the operator to create individual names to identify each line of data. The displayed waveforms can be printed for later examination, as shown in Figure 3. A movable cursor permits scrolling through the data. You can calculate the timing intervals between signals by using the calculate command.

[[File:OMNI fig 3.png|400px]]

The logic analyzer provides a powerful
correlation feature, which can be used to
locate differences between the data of a
known-good unit and a faulty DUT. Tests
can be performed on a working piece of
equipment with the results stored on
disk. Later on, if that equipment fails, the previously stored good data can be compared bit by bit with the current bad
data. Any differences can then be easily
spotted and analyzed to discover likely
circuit failures.

'''Other features''' 
[[File:OMNI fig 4.png|400px]]

The analyzer will display data in numerous forms using the option menu and the dump display. For example, data can be displayed in hexadecimal, octal,
decimal or binary. (See Figure 4.) Instruction disassembly can be performed on microprocessor programs. Histograms that show the addresses being used by software also can be displayed as shown in Figure 5. Data can be searched for various patterns using the locate command.

[[File:OMNI fig 5.png|400px]]

Several broadcast equipment manufacturers are producing equipment that permits the device's microprocessor to free run through its address space. This hardware feature permits the owner to apply
the powerful techniques of signature analysis to troubleshooting. The device's
signature analysis feature stores up to 14
circuit signatures at once. By capturing
and storing signatures from known-good
equipment and then comparing these signatures with signatures from a bad
board, a technician can quickly narrow
down a circuit fault to a small region on
the printed circuit board. The test also
could be used to easily generate and
store fresh signatures each time a circuit
board is updated.

The analyzer comes complete, and no
options are required to immediately begin learning about digital circuitry. A pattern-generator option is available, which can be used to provide digital patterns to exercise a circuit. An EPROM programmer also is available for those wishing to make backup copies of the EPROM used in much of today's equipment.

The analyzer's computer portion can
be serviced by local Kaypro repair depots. The logic analyzer portion can be
repaired by the owner or returned to the
company for servicing. The logic analyzer card is mounted on the top of the computer boards and is easy to install and remove. Replacement microchips and active circuit pods also are available from the company.

'''Instruction manual''' 
The instruction manual is nearly 200
pages long. The instructions are clearly
written and contain numerous illustrations. The manual is designed with edge-stripes that can be used to open the book to the appropriate heading. In addition to the detailed instructions, a quick-start chapter gets a new operator up and running within minutes. For example, our staff was able to begin capturing data
from a camera microprocessor card in
less than 20 minutes after receiving the
logic analyzer.

'''Operator training''' 
Some engineers may be intimidated by
the prospect of using such a device to
troubleshoot their equipment. Most other
troubleshooting techniques require only
one or two test leads and maybe a couple
of traces on a scope. The prospect of
looking at eight or more scope traces or
a display filled with binary or hexadecimal digits might send the engineer running to the phone for help.

However, because today's equipment
is becoming so complex, different troubleshooting techniques have to be
learned. These new techniques often require sophisticated test equipment. The
key to repairing the new broadcast gear
is to get this new generation of test
equipment into the hands of maintenance engineers and give them a chance
to learn how to effectively use it.

If you have ever been faced with repairing a complex microprocessor device, you have some idea of how difficult it can be. Scopes, logic probes and counters are often insufficient to effect repairs.
On the other hand, if you learn how to
use a logic analyzer, you can drastically
cut that repair time. In some cases,
repairs may be impossible without such a
device. To be effective, however, the engineer needs time to become thoroughly
acquainted with the equipment.

The Omni 4 logic analyzer provides
troubleshooting capability not available
in other devices. It's not a simple device. Modern test equipment seldom is.
However, properly used, it can help you
repair complex broadcast equipment. 
(Broadcast Engineering, November 1986)
</blockquote>

==Other Sources==
[https://hackaday.io/project/20151-omni-4-a-kaypro-2x-logic-analyzer Hackaday project]

[https://forum.vcfed.org/index.php?threads/omni-ii-logic-analyzer-computer.37488/ VCF Article]

File:OMNI II shell from ebay omni 2X chassis back.jpg

2026-06-09T18:29:50Z

FrankRahman:

OMNI II shell from ebay omni 2X chassis back

File:OMNI II shell from ebay omni 2X chassis front.jpg

2026-06-09T18:28:38Z

FrankRahman:

OMNI II shell from ebay omni 2X chassis front

File:OMNI II shell from ebay.jpg

2026-06-09T18:22:39Z

FrankRahman:

OMNI II shell from ebay

Kaypro Manuals

2026-06-09T17:53:23Z

FrankRahman: /* Mite */

On this page on the left side of the image(s) is the link to the PDF. The image(s) are just to show any variations possible with that version.

==Operating Systems==

===CP/M===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:CPM OS Manual Jan 1978.pdf| CP/M OS Manual Copyright Jan. 1978]]
||
[[File:CPM KII manual Jan 78.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11" KII V1
||
[[File:CPM KII manual v1.5.jpg]] 
8.5" x 11" KII V2 (Contents same as KII Version 1)
||
[[File:KII CPM Version 2.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11" KII V3 (Contents same as KII Version 1)
||
[[File:CPM manual Jan 78.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11" (Contents same as KII Version 1)
|-
| [[Media:CPM OS Manual July 1982.pdf|CP/M OS Manual Copyright July 1982]] ||
[[File:CPM manual July 1982.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
||
|}

===DOS===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:MS-DOS UG2.1 7 9.pdf|MS-DOS 2.1 User's Guide]]
||
[[File:MS-DOS 2.1 UG 7 9 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:MS-DOS 2.1 Programmers reference 7 9.pdf|MS-DOS 2.1 Programmer's Reference]]
||
[[File:MS-DOS 2.1 Programmers reference cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
||
[[File:MS DOS OS Programmer Reference.jpg]] 7" x 9" Same as MS-DOS 2.1 PR
|-
|
MS-DOS 3.1 User's Guide and User's Reference (Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:MS-DOS 3.1 UG Users reference 7 9 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

==Programming==

===Basic===

====Microsoft Basic====

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Sbasic booklet.pdf|Microsoft Basic Booklet]]
||
[[File:Sbasic booklet img.jpg|200px]] 
5.5" x 7.5"
|-
|
[[Media:MS Basic UG 8.5 11 full.pdf|Microsoft Basic Manual]]
||
[[File:MS Basic UG 8.5 11.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11" version
||
[[File:MS Basic UG 7 9.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9" version - PDF Pages 6, 228 and 229 are removed otherwise it is the same
|}

====CBasic====

{|
|-
|
[[Media:CBasic Manual 7 9.pdf|CBasic Manual]]
||
[[File:CBasic Manual 7 9 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

====S-Basic====

{|
|-
|
S-Basic Kaypro II Manual 
(Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:S-Basic Kaypro II 8.5 11 cover.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11"
|-
|
S-Basic Manual Jan 1983 
(Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:S-Basic 8.5 11 jan 1983 cover.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11"
|-
|
[[Media:S-Basic 8.5 11 may 1983.pdf|S-Basic Manual May 1983]]
||
[[File:S-Basic 8.5 11 may 1983 cover.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11"
|-
|
S-Basic Manual Sept 1983 
(Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:S-Basic 7 9 sept 1983 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

====GW-Basic====

{|
|-
|
[[Media:GW-Basic 2.0 7 9.pdf|GW-Basic 2.0]]
||
[[File:GW-Basic 2.0 7 9 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:GW-Basic 3.1 1984.pdf|GW-Basic 3.1]]
||
[[File:GW-Basic 3.1 1984 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:GW-Basic UG 3.2.pdf|GW-Basic 3.2]]
||
[[File:GW-Basic UG 3.2 cover.jpg|200px]] 
6" x 9"
|}

==Software (Kaypro Supplied)==

===Introduction to Software===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Intro to Software July 1983.pdf|Intro to Software July 1983]]
 (Version 1, Likely 1542-A)
||
[[File:Intro to software 7 9 July 1983 cover.jpg|200px]] 7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Intro to software 7 9 Sep 1984.pdf|Intro to Software Sep 1983 (1542-B)]]
||
[[File:Intro to software 7 9 Sep 1984 cover.jpg|200px]] 7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Intro to Software 7 9 Jan 1984.pdf|Intro to Software Jan 1984 (1542-C)]]
||
[[File:Intro to Software 7 9 Jan 1984 cover.jpg|200px]] 7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Intro to software 7 9 Mar 1984.pdf|Intro to Software Mar 1984 (1542-D)]]
||
[[File:Intro to software 7 9 Mar 1984 cover.jpg|200px]] 7" x 9"
|-
| Intro to Software Aug 1984 (Only one copy so no scan) (1542-E) ||
[[File:Intro to software Aug 1984.jpg|200px]] 7" x 9"
|}

===Perfect Suite===

====Perfect Filer====

{|
|-
|

[[Media:Perfect Filer 1982.pdf|Perfect Filer Manual 1982]]
||
[[File:Perfect Filer 7 9 1982 cover.jpg|200px]]
|-
|
[[Media:Perfect Filer 7 9 1983.pdf|Perfect Filer Manual 1983]]
||
[[File:Perfect Filer 7 9 1983 cover.jpg|200px]]
|}
{|
|-
|
[[File:Perfect Filer Spine 1982 vs 1983.jpg|500px]] 
The obvious difference on the outside is the spine of the book. 
The upper is the 1982 version. The lower is the 1983 version.
|}

[[Media:Perfect Filer Reference Card.pdf|Perfect Filer Reference Card]]

====Perfect Calc====

{|
|-
| Perfect Calc Manual 1982 (Only one copy so no scan) ||
[[File:Perfect Calc Manual 7 9 1982 Cover.jpg|200px]]
|-
|
[[Media:Perfect Calc Manual 7 9 1983.pdf|Perfect Calc Manual 1983]]
||
[[File:Perfect Calc Manual 7 9 1983 Cover.jpg|200px]]
|}
{|
|-
|
[[File:Perfect Calc Manual Spines 1982 vs 1983.jpg|500px]] 
The obvious difference on the outside is the spine of the book. 
The upper is the 1982 version. The lower is the 1983 version.
|}

[[Media:Perfect Calc Reference Card.pdf|Perfect Calc Reference Card]]

====Perfect Writer====
{|
|-
|
[[Media:Perfect Writer 1982.pdf|Perfect Writer / Perfect Speller Manual 1982]]
||
[[File:Perfect Writer PS 7 9 Cover 1982.jpg|200px]]
|-
|
[[Media:Perfect Writer PS 7 9 1983.pdf|Perfect Writer / Perfect Speller Manual 1983]]
||
[[File:Perfect Writer PS 7 9 Cover 1983.jpg|200px]]
|-
| Kaypro 1 Users & Perfect Writer Manual 1985 (Only one copy so no scan) Includes Kaypro 1 User's Guide and does not include the Perfect Speller Section.
||
[[File:Perfect Writer K1 7 9 Cover 1985.jpg|200px]]
|}
{|
|-
|
[[File:Perfect Writer 1982 vs 1983 vs 1985.jpg|500px]] 
The obvious difference of the 82 vs 83 on the outside is the spine of the book. 
The upper is the 1982 version. The middle is the 1983 version. The bottom is the K1 PW 1985 version.
|}

[[Media:Perfect Writer Reference Card.pdf|Perfect Writer Reference Card]]

===The Word Plus===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:The word plus manual.pdf|The Word Plus Manual]]
||
[[File:The word plus Manual cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9" Version 1.2
|}

===Select===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Select 8.5 11 1981.pdf|Select Manual]] This version is from the double ended book with
ProfitPlan
||
[[File:Select 8.5 11 1981 cover.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11"
|}

===ProfitPlan===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:ProfitPlan 8.5 11 1981 double ended.pdf|ProfitPlan Manual 1981]] This version is from the double ended book with Select. I cannot find a difference between this version and the next.
||
[[File:ProfitPlan 8.5 11 1981 cover.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11"
|-
|
[[Media:Profitplan Manual 8.5 11.pdf|ProfitPlan Manual 1981]]
||
[[File:Profitplan Manual Cover 8.5 11.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11"
|-
|
[[Media:ProfitPlan Manual 7 9 1983.pdf|ProfitPlan Manual 1983]]
||
[[File:ProfitPlan Manual 7 9 1983 Cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

===MicroPlan===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:MicroPlan 7 9.pdf|MicroPlan Manual]]
||
[[File:MicroPlan 7 9 Cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

===MailMerge===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:MailMerge Ref 7 9.pdf|MailMerge Reference Manual]]
||
[[File:MailMerge Ref 7 9 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

===Supersort===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Supersort 7 9 1981.pdf|Supersort Manual]]
||
[[File:Supersort 7 9 1981 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

===PolyWindows Desk Plus===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Polywindows Desk Plus.pdf|PolyWindows Desk Plus]] 
||
[[File:Polywindows Desk Plus Ver A 7 9.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Polywindows Desk Plus and KDesk Ver C 7 9.pdf|PolyWindows Desk Plus and KDesk]]
||
[[File:PloyWindows Desk Plus and KDesk Manual Ver C 7 9.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

===The Traveling Expense Manager===

{|
|-
|
The Traveling Expense Manager 
(Only one copy so no scan) 
For K2000
||
[[File:Traveling Expense Manager Manual.jpg]] 
5.5" x 7.5"
|}

===Uniform===

{|
|-
|
Uniform UG 
(Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:Uniform Users Guide 5.5 7.5 1983.jpg|200px]] 
5.5" x 7.5"
|}

===Star Suite===

====WordStar====

{|
|-
| WordStar Version 3.0 (Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:Wordstar 8.5 11 Version 3.0 1981 cover.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11"
|-
|
[[Media:Wordstar 7 9 Version 3.3.pdf|WordStar Version 3.3]]
||
[[File:Wordstar 7 9 Version 3.3 1983 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Wordstar Binder 6 9 Version 3.3.pdf|Wordstar Binder Version 3.3]]
||
[[File:Wordstar Binder 6 9 Version 3.3 cover.jpg|200px]] 
6" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Wordstar Mailmerge Users Guide Jul 1985.pdf|WordStar/MailMerge UG July 1985 3916-A]]
||
[[File:Wordstar Mailmerge Users Guide Jul 1985 3916-A cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
WordStar/MailMerge UG Feb 1986 3916-B (Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:Wordstar Mailmerge Users Guide 3916-B Feb 1986 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
WordStar/MailMerge UG No Date 3916-B (Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:Wordstar Mailmerge Users Guide 3916-B No date cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Wordstar Primer 7 9 1986.pdf|WordStar Primer]]
||
[[File:Wordstar Primer 7 9 1986 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Wordstar Training Guide 7 9 Feb 1983.pdf|WordStar Training Guide]]
||
[[File:Wordstar Training Guide 7 9 Feb 1983 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

[[Media:WordStar Commend Card Unknown Version.pdf|WordStar Commend Card Unknown Version]]

[[Media:WordStar Commend Card Version 3.0.pdf|WordStar Commend Card Version 3.0]]

====CalcStar====

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Calcstar UM 7 9 1982.pdf|CalcStar User's Manual]]
||
[[File:Calcstar UM 7 9 1982 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

[[Media:CalcStar Reference Card.pdf|CalcStar Reference Card]]

====CorrectStar/StarIndex====

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Correctstar Starindex 7 9 1984.pdf|CorrectStar StarIndex]]
||
[[File:Correctstar Starindex 7 9 1984 Cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

====DataStar====

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Datastar Ref 7 9 1982.pdf|DataStar Reference Manual]]
||
[[File:Datastar Ref 7 9 1982 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Datastar Training 7 9 1982.pdf|DataStar Training Guide]]
||
[[File:Datastar Training 7 9 1982 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

====ReportStar====

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Reportstar GIM 7 9 1982.pdf|ReportStar General Information Manual]]
||
[[File:Reportstar GIM 7 9 1982 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Reportstar URM 7 9 1982.pdf|ReportStar User's Reference Manual]]
||
[[File:Datastar Training 7 9 1982 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Reportstar TG 7 9 Spiral.pdf|ReportStar Technical]]
||
[[File:Reportstar TG 7 9 Spiral cover.jpg|200px]] 
Guide Flat Bound 
9" x 7"
||
[[File:Reportstar TG 7 9 1982 cover.jpg|200px]] 
Guide Glue Binding 
9" x 7"
|}

[[Media:ReportStar Command Card.pdf|ReportStar Command Card]]

===SuprTerm===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:SuprTerm 7 9 1983.pdf|SuprTerm UG]]
||
[[File:SuprTerm UG 7 9 1983.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

===Mite===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Mite UG 1985 Version E.pdf|Mite UG 1985 Version E]]
||
[[File:Mite 7 9 1985 E cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Mite 7 9 1985 F.pdf|Mite UG 1985 Version F]] I cannot find the difference except that they have different part numbers.
||
[[File:Mite 7 9 1985 F cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

===dBase II===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:DBase II 7 9 1982.pdf|dBase II UG]]
||
[[File:DBase II 7 9 1982 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

==Machines==

===Kaypro II, 2, 4, 4X, Robie===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:KII UG 1982.pdf|Kaypro II UG 1982]]
||
[[File:KII UG 1982 cover.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11"
|-
|
[[Media:KUG Feb 1983.pdf|Kaypro II UG Feb 1983]]
||
[[File:KUG Feb 1983 1 cover.jpg|200px]] 7" x 9" Optional software sticker
||
[[File:KUG Feb 1983 2 cover.jpg|200px]] 7" x 9" Kaypro 4 sticker
|-
|
[[Media:KUG 1983 Version 1.pdf|Kaypro UG Ver 1 1983 (1100)]] 
First mention of the Kaypro 4
||
[[File:KUG 1983 Version 1 cover.jpg|200px]]
|-
|
[[Media:KUG 1983 Version 5 Revision 1.pdf|Kaypro UG Ver 5 Rev 1 1983 (1100)]]
||
[[File:KUG 1983 Version 5 Revision 1 cover.jpg|200px]]
|-
|
[[Media:KUG 7 9 May 1984.pdf|Kaypro UG May 1984 (1463-L)]]
||
[[File:KUG 7 9 May 1984 cover.jpg|200px]]
|-
|
[[Media:Kaypro UG Nov 1984.pdf|Kaypro UG Nov 1984 (1463-L)]] 
First Mention of the 4X and Robie
||
[[File:Kaypro UG Nov 84.jpg]]

|}

===Kaypro 1===

{|
|-
| Kaypro 1 Users Guide & Perfect Writer Manual 1985 (Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:Perfect Writer K1 7 9 Cover 1985.jpg|200px]]
|}

===Kaypro 16===

{|
|-
| [[Media:Kaypro 16 users guide.pdf|Kaypro 16 User's Guide]]
||
[[File:Kaypro 16 UG cover.jpg|200px]]
|-
| [[Media:Kaypro 16 users guide Addendum 16E.pdf|Addendum Kaypro 16E]]
|}

===Kaypro 2000===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:K2000 UG 3655-C.pdf|Kaypro 2000 User's Guide]]
 3655-C (Preliminary)
(Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:K2000 UG.jpg]]
|-
|
[[Media:K2000 UG 3655-D.pdf|Kaypro 2000 User's Guide]]
 3655-D (Back is mislabeled 3655-C)
Besides formatting changes: 
Additional Keyboard commands in "The Keyboard" section 
Includes KSTATUS.COM and KBOOT.COM when making system diskettes. 
Addtional information in the "SPECIAL FUNCTIONS" section 
||
[[File:K2000 UG.jpg]]
|}

====Kaypro 2000 Multi-Adapter UG====
{|
|-
|
[[Media:K2000 Multi-Adapter UG.pdf|Kaypro 2000 Multi-Adapter UG]]
||
[[File:K2000 Multi-Adapter UG cover.jpg]]

|}

===Kaypro PC===

{|
|-
| [[Media:Kaypro PC manual.pdf|Kaypro PC User's Guide]] || [[File:Kaypro PC Users Guide.jpg|200px]]
|}

===Kaypro 286i===

{|
|-
| [[Media:Kaypro 286i manual.pdf|Kaypro 286i Manual]]
||
[[File:Kaypro 286i Manual Cover.jpg|200px]]
|}

===Kaypro 286===
{|
|-
| [[Media:Kaypro 286 manual.pdf|Kaypro 286 Manual]] ||
[[File:Kaypro 286 UG Cover.jpg|200px]]
|}

===Kaypro 386===
{|
|-
| [[Media:Kaypro 386 Manual.pdf|Kaypro 386 Manual]] ||
[[File:Kaypro 386 UG Cover.jpg|200px]]
|}

==Monitors==

===Kaypro Monochrome Monitor===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Kaypro KP-1254G Monitor Manual.pdf|Kaypro KP-1254G Manual]]
||
[[File:Kaypro KP-1254G Cover.jpg|200px]]
|}

==Modems==

===Kaypro 1200 Baud Internal Modem===

{|
|-
| Kaypro 1200 Baud Internal Modem UG 
(Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:Kaypro 1200 Baud Modem UG.jpg]]
|}

==Printers==

===Kaypro Letter-Quality Printer===

{|
|-
| Kaypro Letter-Quality Printer UG 
(Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:Letter Quality Printer UG 7 9 1984.jpg|200px]]
|}

File:Mite UG 1985 Version E.pdf

2026-06-09T17:51:52Z

FrankRahman:

Mite UG 1985 Version E

Drivetec Drives

2026-06-09T16:47:12Z

FrankRahman: /* Kodak Connections */

{|
|-
| [[File:Andrew Kay w Robie and K4.jpg|400px]]
|}
Andrew Kay with a first version Drivetec Robie and a regular Kaypro 4.

Drivetec drives were used in the [[Kaypro 4X]] and early [[Robie]].

==Images==

{|
|-
|
[[File:Drivetec front.jpg|400px]]
||
[[File:Drivetec sticker.jpg|227px]]
|-
|
[[File:Drivetec bottom.jpg|400px]]
||
[[File:Drivetec circuit board top.jpg|400px]]
|-
|
[[File:Drivetec top.jpg|400px]]
||
[[File:Drivetec bottom w-o board.jpg|380px]]
|}


==News==
<blockquote>
Kaypro is now in the disk drive manufacturing business! We have signed a manufacturing agreement with Drivetec of San Jose that allows us to build drives which they designed. We are even allowed to build the parts that make up the drives, if we choose. The only thing we can't do is sell the drives outside the computer as independent components. The Eastman Kodak Company has a similar arrangement with Drivetec. We are currently using the drives in our Robie computer which has been sent to a beta test site for evaluation and will be shipped to dealers soon.

The idea for the new drive is based on a design originally patented by Dymec Corp. It has been fully developed by a team of experts at Drivetec headed by Herb Thompson. Frank D. Wallens of Drivetec wrote the software for programming the proms (programmable read only memories), the computer chips that control the drives.

According to ''Redacted Name'', KAYPRO's technical expert on the Drivetec project, there are several features of this product that attracted us to it. "For example," says ''he'' "the mechanical simplicity of the drive is excellent and the positioning system for the heads centers them perfectly withi the center of the tracks on the diskette. Also, the 'Gumball' head system of the drive treats the diskettes delicately and thus makes them last longer."

This disk drive which is now a member of the KAYPRO family, contains the very latest in drive technology. Its most amazing technological advance is the 2.6 megabytes of formatted storage on a 5 1/4-inch diskette. It is so advanced, in fact, that much of the rest of the drive industry is scrambling to come out with something similar: Amlyne Corporation is making a drive similar to our Drivetec, and 3M Corporation is now developing a "stretched floppy" as another way of accomplishing Drivetec's perfect diskette centering. Some companies are even attempting to develop a 10 megabyte floppy diskette!

KAYPRO's choice of Drivetec is another industry first for us and should put us further ahead in sales. The returns will be in soon. 
(CommuniKay, April 1984)
</blockquote>

<blockquote>
Sources reported that Drivetec was seeking an infusion of about $5 million. The company in October received $7 million in its third funding round, bringing total capitalization to $15 million.

That round had been delayed the previous summer when Kaypro Corp., Drivetec's largest customer, rescheduled deliveries. The third round was originally intended to bring $10 million. ...

Drivetec reportedly was shipping its 3.3-Mbyte floppy disk drive at the rate of 6000 units per month until Kaypro's action last July [1984] forced it to cut production. Although it resumed manufacturing in January, the company never again exceeded shipments of 1000 units per month, sources said. 
(Computer Systems News, January 21, 1985)
</blockquote>

Micro-Mini Systems Article written by Herb Thompson
[[Media:198307 Drivetec 3.3Mb Floppy.pdf| click here]]

"In addition to the new-product announcements, Kaypro told its stockholders that it has solved its sourcing problems for both hard and floppy disk drives with the addition of new vendors and by entering into a licensing agreement with Drivetec Inc. that will result in Kaypro manufacturing high-capacity floppy disk drives for its new Robie desktop personal computer."
(Computer System News, February 27, 1984)

==Disks==
"You should buy good-quality, high-density diskettes pre-
formatted l7-sector 192 TPI. Specify Brown Disk UHR II or
the Maxell equivalent. Each diskette is capable of holding
2.6 megabytes of information." (Robie Manual)

[[File:Drivetec disks 2.jpg]]
[[File:Drivetec disks 1.jpg]]

===Cleaning Disks===
"A drive-cleaning disk is needed to keep the drive heads
clean and in proper working order. The following are
approved: Scotch 7440, Head Computer Products, Perfect
Data, Floppiclene." (Robie Manual)

"Responding to requests from Kaypro headquarters and from the field, Drivetec (manufacturer of the Robie disk drives) has approved four head-cleaning disks for use in their drives. Drivetec states: 
The following cleaning disks have been evaluated and are recommended for usage on the Drivetec disk drive when head cleaning is deemed necessary: 
1. Scotch #7440 
2. Head Computer Products 
3. Perfect Data 
4. Floppiclene 
(Kugram Vol.2 No.5 Page 22)

==Kodak Connections==
An interesting note is that Kodak was the other company to license the DriveTec Drives and eventually assumed the company.

Notice on this image of a Kaypro Robie that the A drive has a logo on it.

[[File:Kaypro Robie.jpg]]

It looks to me like the Kodak logo that they used from 1987 and on (when the Robie was no longer being produced).

[[File:Kodak Company Logo.jpg]]

I suspect that this drive was replaced at some point in it's life.

There was a pair of Kodak 3.3 drives on eBay in 2026. They did not have the Kodak logo on the front panel but the label on them is Kodak.

{|
|-
|
[[File:Kodak 3.3 drive label.jpg]]
||
[[File:Kodak 3.3 drive front.jpg]] No front logo
|-
|
[[File:Kodak 3.3 drive pcb 1.jpg]] PCB is basically the same but designating marks are different.
||
[[File:Kodak 3.3 drive pcb 2.jpg]]
|}

"Chandler then announced that Kodak had reached a new licensing agreement with Drivetec, Inc., of San Jose, California, which permits Kodak to manufacture a flexible disk drive for use with personal computers. The disk drives will carry Kodak trade dress." 
(Kodak Highlights, 3rd Quarter 1983) This is the Shareholders Newsletter for Kodak

"The Eastman Kodak Company's Spin Physics division introduced a 5 1/4-inch floppy disk for microcomputers that it said can store up to 3.3 million bytes of data. The Isomax HD600 diskette, combined with a high-performance disk drive that is in production, will have more storage capacity than any system of similar size now commercially available, Kodak said. The diskette is designed for use in a high- performance disk drive that is being manufactured by Drivetec Inc. of San Jose, Calif." 
(New York Times, December 14, 1983)

[https://forum.vcfed.org/index.php?threads/kodak-verbatim-6-6-mb-floppy-drive.36437/ *]

File:Kodak 3.3 drive pcb 2.jpg

2026-06-09T16:45:31Z

FrankRahman:

Kodak 3.3 drive pcb 2

File:Kodak 3.3 drive pcb 1.jpg

2026-06-09T16:44:58Z

FrankRahman:

Kodak 3.3 drive pcb 1

File:Kodak 3.3 drive front.jpg

2026-06-09T16:44:08Z

FrankRahman:

Kodak 3.3 drive front

File:Kodak 3.3 drive label.jpg

2026-06-09T16:43:35Z

FrankRahman:

Kodak 3.3 drive label

Kaypro Manuals

2026-06-09T13:56:33Z

FrankRahman: /* Perfect Writer */

On this page on the left side of the image(s) is the link to the PDF. The image(s) are just to show any variations possible with that version.

==Operating Systems==

===CP/M===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:CPM OS Manual Jan 1978.pdf| CP/M OS Manual Copyright Jan. 1978]]
||
[[File:CPM KII manual Jan 78.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11" KII V1
||
[[File:CPM KII manual v1.5.jpg]] 
8.5" x 11" KII V2 (Contents same as KII Version 1)
||
[[File:KII CPM Version 2.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11" KII V3 (Contents same as KII Version 1)
||
[[File:CPM manual Jan 78.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11" (Contents same as KII Version 1)
|-
| [[Media:CPM OS Manual July 1982.pdf|CP/M OS Manual Copyright July 1982]] ||
[[File:CPM manual July 1982.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
||
|}

===DOS===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:MS-DOS UG2.1 7 9.pdf|MS-DOS 2.1 User's Guide]]
||
[[File:MS-DOS 2.1 UG 7 9 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:MS-DOS 2.1 Programmers reference 7 9.pdf|MS-DOS 2.1 Programmer's Reference]]
||
[[File:MS-DOS 2.1 Programmers reference cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
||
[[File:MS DOS OS Programmer Reference.jpg]] 7" x 9" Same as MS-DOS 2.1 PR
|-
|
MS-DOS 3.1 User's Guide and User's Reference (Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:MS-DOS 3.1 UG Users reference 7 9 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

==Programming==

===Basic===

====Microsoft Basic====

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Sbasic booklet.pdf|Microsoft Basic Booklet]]
||
[[File:Sbasic booklet img.jpg|200px]] 
5.5" x 7.5"
|-
|
[[Media:MS Basic UG 8.5 11 full.pdf|Microsoft Basic Manual]]
||
[[File:MS Basic UG 8.5 11.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11" version
||
[[File:MS Basic UG 7 9.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9" version - PDF Pages 6, 228 and 229 are removed otherwise it is the same
|}

====CBasic====

{|
|-
|
[[Media:CBasic Manual 7 9.pdf|CBasic Manual]]
||
[[File:CBasic Manual 7 9 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

====S-Basic====

{|
|-
|
S-Basic Kaypro II Manual 
(Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:S-Basic Kaypro II 8.5 11 cover.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11"
|-
|
S-Basic Manual Jan 1983 
(Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:S-Basic 8.5 11 jan 1983 cover.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11"
|-
|
[[Media:S-Basic 8.5 11 may 1983.pdf|S-Basic Manual May 1983]]
||
[[File:S-Basic 8.5 11 may 1983 cover.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11"
|-
|
S-Basic Manual Sept 1983 
(Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:S-Basic 7 9 sept 1983 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

====GW-Basic====

{|
|-
|
[[Media:GW-Basic 2.0 7 9.pdf|GW-Basic 2.0]]
||
[[File:GW-Basic 2.0 7 9 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:GW-Basic 3.1 1984.pdf|GW-Basic 3.1]]
||
[[File:GW-Basic 3.1 1984 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:GW-Basic UG 3.2.pdf|GW-Basic 3.2]]
||
[[File:GW-Basic UG 3.2 cover.jpg|200px]] 
6" x 9"
|}

==Software (Kaypro Supplied)==

===Introduction to Software===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Intro to Software July 1983.pdf|Intro to Software July 1983]]
 (Version 1, Likely 1542-A)
||
[[File:Intro to software 7 9 July 1983 cover.jpg|200px]] 7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Intro to software 7 9 Sep 1984.pdf|Intro to Software Sep 1983 (1542-B)]]
||
[[File:Intro to software 7 9 Sep 1984 cover.jpg|200px]] 7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Intro to Software 7 9 Jan 1984.pdf|Intro to Software Jan 1984 (1542-C)]]
||
[[File:Intro to Software 7 9 Jan 1984 cover.jpg|200px]] 7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Intro to software 7 9 Mar 1984.pdf|Intro to Software Mar 1984 (1542-D)]]
||
[[File:Intro to software 7 9 Mar 1984 cover.jpg|200px]] 7" x 9"
|-
| Intro to Software Aug 1984 (Only one copy so no scan) (1542-E) ||
[[File:Intro to software Aug 1984.jpg|200px]] 7" x 9"
|}

===Perfect Suite===

====Perfect Filer====

{|
|-
|

[[Media:Perfect Filer 1982.pdf|Perfect Filer Manual 1982]]
||
[[File:Perfect Filer 7 9 1982 cover.jpg|200px]]
|-
|
[[Media:Perfect Filer 7 9 1983.pdf|Perfect Filer Manual 1983]]
||
[[File:Perfect Filer 7 9 1983 cover.jpg|200px]]
|}
{|
|-
|
[[File:Perfect Filer Spine 1982 vs 1983.jpg|500px]] 
The obvious difference on the outside is the spine of the book. 
The upper is the 1982 version. The lower is the 1983 version.
|}

[[Media:Perfect Filer Reference Card.pdf|Perfect Filer Reference Card]]

====Perfect Calc====

{|
|-
| Perfect Calc Manual 1982 (Only one copy so no scan) ||
[[File:Perfect Calc Manual 7 9 1982 Cover.jpg|200px]]
|-
|
[[Media:Perfect Calc Manual 7 9 1983.pdf|Perfect Calc Manual 1983]]
||
[[File:Perfect Calc Manual 7 9 1983 Cover.jpg|200px]]
|}
{|
|-
|
[[File:Perfect Calc Manual Spines 1982 vs 1983.jpg|500px]] 
The obvious difference on the outside is the spine of the book. 
The upper is the 1982 version. The lower is the 1983 version.
|}

[[Media:Perfect Calc Reference Card.pdf|Perfect Calc Reference Card]]

====Perfect Writer====
{|
|-
|
[[Media:Perfect Writer 1982.pdf|Perfect Writer / Perfect Speller Manual 1982]]
||
[[File:Perfect Writer PS 7 9 Cover 1982.jpg|200px]]
|-
|
[[Media:Perfect Writer PS 7 9 1983.pdf|Perfect Writer / Perfect Speller Manual 1983]]
||
[[File:Perfect Writer PS 7 9 Cover 1983.jpg|200px]]
|-
| Kaypro 1 Users & Perfect Writer Manual 1985 (Only one copy so no scan) Includes Kaypro 1 User's Guide and does not include the Perfect Speller Section.
||
[[File:Perfect Writer K1 7 9 Cover 1985.jpg|200px]]
|}
{|
|-
|
[[File:Perfect Writer 1982 vs 1983 vs 1985.jpg|500px]] 
The obvious difference of the 82 vs 83 on the outside is the spine of the book. 
The upper is the 1982 version. The middle is the 1983 version. The bottom is the K1 PW 1985 version.
|}

[[Media:Perfect Writer Reference Card.pdf|Perfect Writer Reference Card]]

===The Word Plus===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:The word plus manual.pdf|The Word Plus Manual]]
||
[[File:The word plus Manual cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9" Version 1.2
|}

===Select===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Select 8.5 11 1981.pdf|Select Manual]] This version is from the double ended book with
ProfitPlan
||
[[File:Select 8.5 11 1981 cover.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11"
|}

===ProfitPlan===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:ProfitPlan 8.5 11 1981 double ended.pdf|ProfitPlan Manual 1981]] This version is from the double ended book with Select. I cannot find a difference between this version and the next.
||
[[File:ProfitPlan 8.5 11 1981 cover.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11"
|-
|
[[Media:Profitplan Manual 8.5 11.pdf|ProfitPlan Manual 1981]]
||
[[File:Profitplan Manual Cover 8.5 11.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11"
|-
|
[[Media:ProfitPlan Manual 7 9 1983.pdf|ProfitPlan Manual 1983]]
||
[[File:ProfitPlan Manual 7 9 1983 Cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

===MicroPlan===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:MicroPlan 7 9.pdf|MicroPlan Manual]]
||
[[File:MicroPlan 7 9 Cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

===MailMerge===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:MailMerge Ref 7 9.pdf|MailMerge Reference Manual]]
||
[[File:MailMerge Ref 7 9 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

===Supersort===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Supersort 7 9 1981.pdf|Supersort Manual]]
||
[[File:Supersort 7 9 1981 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

===PolyWindows Desk Plus===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Polywindows Desk Plus.pdf|PolyWindows Desk Plus]] 
||
[[File:Polywindows Desk Plus Ver A 7 9.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Polywindows Desk Plus and KDesk Ver C 7 9.pdf|PolyWindows Desk Plus and KDesk]]
||
[[File:PloyWindows Desk Plus and KDesk Manual Ver C 7 9.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

===The Traveling Expense Manager===

{|
|-
|
The Traveling Expense Manager 
(Only one copy so no scan) 
For K2000
||
[[File:Traveling Expense Manager Manual.jpg]] 
5.5" x 7.5"
|}

===Uniform===

{|
|-
|
Uniform UG 
(Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:Uniform Users Guide 5.5 7.5 1983.jpg|200px]] 
5.5" x 7.5"
|}

===Star Suite===

====WordStar====

{|
|-
| WordStar Version 3.0 (Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:Wordstar 8.5 11 Version 3.0 1981 cover.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11"
|-
|
[[Media:Wordstar 7 9 Version 3.3.pdf|WordStar Version 3.3]]
||
[[File:Wordstar 7 9 Version 3.3 1983 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Wordstar Binder 6 9 Version 3.3.pdf|Wordstar Binder Version 3.3]]
||
[[File:Wordstar Binder 6 9 Version 3.3 cover.jpg|200px]] 
6" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Wordstar Mailmerge Users Guide Jul 1985.pdf|WordStar/MailMerge UG July 1985 3916-A]]
||
[[File:Wordstar Mailmerge Users Guide Jul 1985 3916-A cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
WordStar/MailMerge UG Feb 1986 3916-B (Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:Wordstar Mailmerge Users Guide 3916-B Feb 1986 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
WordStar/MailMerge UG No Date 3916-B (Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:Wordstar Mailmerge Users Guide 3916-B No date cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Wordstar Primer 7 9 1986.pdf|WordStar Primer]]
||
[[File:Wordstar Primer 7 9 1986 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Wordstar Training Guide 7 9 Feb 1983.pdf|WordStar Training Guide]]
||
[[File:Wordstar Training Guide 7 9 Feb 1983 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

[[Media:WordStar Commend Card Unknown Version.pdf|WordStar Commend Card Unknown Version]]

[[Media:WordStar Commend Card Version 3.0.pdf|WordStar Commend Card Version 3.0]]

====CalcStar====

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Calcstar UM 7 9 1982.pdf|CalcStar User's Manual]]
||
[[File:Calcstar UM 7 9 1982 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

[[Media:CalcStar Reference Card.pdf|CalcStar Reference Card]]

====CorrectStar/StarIndex====

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Correctstar Starindex 7 9 1984.pdf|CorrectStar StarIndex]]
||
[[File:Correctstar Starindex 7 9 1984 Cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

====DataStar====

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Datastar Ref 7 9 1982.pdf|DataStar Reference Manual]]
||
[[File:Datastar Ref 7 9 1982 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Datastar Training 7 9 1982.pdf|DataStar Training Guide]]
||
[[File:Datastar Training 7 9 1982 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

====ReportStar====

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Reportstar GIM 7 9 1982.pdf|ReportStar General Information Manual]]
||
[[File:Reportstar GIM 7 9 1982 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Reportstar URM 7 9 1982.pdf|ReportStar User's Reference Manual]]
||
[[File:Datastar Training 7 9 1982 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Reportstar TG 7 9 Spiral.pdf|ReportStar Technical]]
||
[[File:Reportstar TG 7 9 Spiral cover.jpg|200px]] 
Guide Flat Bound 
9" x 7"
||
[[File:Reportstar TG 7 9 1982 cover.jpg|200px]] 
Guide Glue Binding 
9" x 7"
|}

[[Media:ReportStar Command Card.pdf|ReportStar Command Card]]

===SuprTerm===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:SuprTerm 7 9 1983.pdf|SuprTerm UG]]
||
[[File:SuprTerm UG 7 9 1983.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

===Mite===

{|
|-
|
Mite UG 1985 Version E 
(Only one copy so no scan) 
I cannot find the difference except that they have different part numbers.
||
[[File:Mite 7 9 1985 E cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Mite 7 9 1985 F.pdf|Mite UG 1985 Version F]]
||
[[File:Mite 7 9 1985 F cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

===dBase II===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:DBase II 7 9 1982.pdf|dBase II UG]]
||
[[File:DBase II 7 9 1982 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

==Machines==

===Kaypro II, 2, 4, 4X, Robie===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:KII UG 1982.pdf|Kaypro II UG 1982]]
||
[[File:KII UG 1982 cover.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11"
|-
|
[[Media:KUG Feb 1983.pdf|Kaypro II UG Feb 1983]]
||
[[File:KUG Feb 1983 1 cover.jpg|200px]] 7" x 9" Optional software sticker
||
[[File:KUG Feb 1983 2 cover.jpg|200px]] 7" x 9" Kaypro 4 sticker
|-
|
[[Media:KUG 1983 Version 1.pdf|Kaypro UG Ver 1 1983 (1100)]] 
First mention of the Kaypro 4
||
[[File:KUG 1983 Version 1 cover.jpg|200px]]
|-
|
[[Media:KUG 1983 Version 5 Revision 1.pdf|Kaypro UG Ver 5 Rev 1 1983 (1100)]]
||
[[File:KUG 1983 Version 5 Revision 1 cover.jpg|200px]]
|-
|
[[Media:KUG 7 9 May 1984.pdf|Kaypro UG May 1984 (1463-L)]]
||
[[File:KUG 7 9 May 1984 cover.jpg|200px]]
|-
|
[[Media:Kaypro UG Nov 1984.pdf|Kaypro UG Nov 1984 (1463-L)]] 
First Mention of the 4X and Robie
||
[[File:Kaypro UG Nov 84.jpg]]

|}

===Kaypro 1===

{|
|-
| Kaypro 1 Users Guide & Perfect Writer Manual 1985 (Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:Perfect Writer K1 7 9 Cover 1985.jpg|200px]]
|}

===Kaypro 16===

{|
|-
| [[Media:Kaypro 16 users guide.pdf|Kaypro 16 User's Guide]]
||
[[File:Kaypro 16 UG cover.jpg|200px]]
|-
| [[Media:Kaypro 16 users guide Addendum 16E.pdf|Addendum Kaypro 16E]]
|}

===Kaypro 2000===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:K2000 UG 3655-C.pdf|Kaypro 2000 User's Guide]]
 3655-C (Preliminary)
(Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:K2000 UG.jpg]]
|-
|
[[Media:K2000 UG 3655-D.pdf|Kaypro 2000 User's Guide]]
 3655-D (Back is mislabeled 3655-C)
Besides formatting changes: 
Additional Keyboard commands in "The Keyboard" section 
Includes KSTATUS.COM and KBOOT.COM when making system diskettes. 
Addtional information in the "SPECIAL FUNCTIONS" section 
||
[[File:K2000 UG.jpg]]
|}

====Kaypro 2000 Multi-Adapter UG====
{|
|-
|
[[Media:K2000 Multi-Adapter UG.pdf|Kaypro 2000 Multi-Adapter UG]]
||
[[File:K2000 Multi-Adapter UG cover.jpg]]

|}

===Kaypro PC===

{|
|-
| [[Media:Kaypro PC manual.pdf|Kaypro PC User's Guide]] || [[File:Kaypro PC Users Guide.jpg|200px]]
|}

===Kaypro 286i===

{|
|-
| [[Media:Kaypro 286i manual.pdf|Kaypro 286i Manual]]
||
[[File:Kaypro 286i Manual Cover.jpg|200px]]
|}

===Kaypro 286===
{|
|-
| [[Media:Kaypro 286 manual.pdf|Kaypro 286 Manual]] ||
[[File:Kaypro 286 UG Cover.jpg|200px]]
|}

===Kaypro 386===
{|
|-
| [[Media:Kaypro 386 Manual.pdf|Kaypro 386 Manual]] ||
[[File:Kaypro 386 UG Cover.jpg|200px]]
|}

==Monitors==

===Kaypro Monochrome Monitor===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Kaypro KP-1254G Monitor Manual.pdf|Kaypro KP-1254G Manual]]
||
[[File:Kaypro KP-1254G Cover.jpg|200px]]
|}

==Modems==

===Kaypro 1200 Baud Internal Modem===

{|
|-
| Kaypro 1200 Baud Internal Modem UG 
(Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:Kaypro 1200 Baud Modem UG.jpg]]
|}

==Printers==

===Kaypro Letter-Quality Printer===

{|
|-
| Kaypro Letter-Quality Printer UG 
(Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:Letter Quality Printer UG 7 9 1984.jpg|200px]]
|}

File:Perfect Writer 1982.pdf

2026-06-09T13:55:28Z

FrankRahman:

Perfect Writer 1982

Kaypro Manuals

2026-06-09T10:33:14Z

FrankRahman: /* Perfect Filer */

On this page on the left side of the image(s) is the link to the PDF. The image(s) are just to show any variations possible with that version.

==Operating Systems==

===CP/M===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:CPM OS Manual Jan 1978.pdf| CP/M OS Manual Copyright Jan. 1978]]
||
[[File:CPM KII manual Jan 78.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11" KII V1
||
[[File:CPM KII manual v1.5.jpg]] 
8.5" x 11" KII V2 (Contents same as KII Version 1)
||
[[File:KII CPM Version 2.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11" KII V3 (Contents same as KII Version 1)
||
[[File:CPM manual Jan 78.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11" (Contents same as KII Version 1)
|-
| [[Media:CPM OS Manual July 1982.pdf|CP/M OS Manual Copyright July 1982]] ||
[[File:CPM manual July 1982.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
||
|}

===DOS===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:MS-DOS UG2.1 7 9.pdf|MS-DOS 2.1 User's Guide]]
||
[[File:MS-DOS 2.1 UG 7 9 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:MS-DOS 2.1 Programmers reference 7 9.pdf|MS-DOS 2.1 Programmer's Reference]]
||
[[File:MS-DOS 2.1 Programmers reference cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
||
[[File:MS DOS OS Programmer Reference.jpg]] 7" x 9" Same as MS-DOS 2.1 PR
|-
|
MS-DOS 3.1 User's Guide and User's Reference (Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:MS-DOS 3.1 UG Users reference 7 9 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

==Programming==

===Basic===

====Microsoft Basic====

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Sbasic booklet.pdf|Microsoft Basic Booklet]]
||
[[File:Sbasic booklet img.jpg|200px]] 
5.5" x 7.5"
|-
|
[[Media:MS Basic UG 8.5 11 full.pdf|Microsoft Basic Manual]]
||
[[File:MS Basic UG 8.5 11.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11" version
||
[[File:MS Basic UG 7 9.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9" version - PDF Pages 6, 228 and 229 are removed otherwise it is the same
|}

====CBasic====

{|
|-
|
[[Media:CBasic Manual 7 9.pdf|CBasic Manual]]
||
[[File:CBasic Manual 7 9 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

====S-Basic====

{|
|-
|
S-Basic Kaypro II Manual 
(Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:S-Basic Kaypro II 8.5 11 cover.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11"
|-
|
S-Basic Manual Jan 1983 
(Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:S-Basic 8.5 11 jan 1983 cover.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11"
|-
|
[[Media:S-Basic 8.5 11 may 1983.pdf|S-Basic Manual May 1983]]
||
[[File:S-Basic 8.5 11 may 1983 cover.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11"
|-
|
S-Basic Manual Sept 1983 
(Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:S-Basic 7 9 sept 1983 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

====GW-Basic====

{|
|-
|
[[Media:GW-Basic 2.0 7 9.pdf|GW-Basic 2.0]]
||
[[File:GW-Basic 2.0 7 9 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:GW-Basic 3.1 1984.pdf|GW-Basic 3.1]]
||
[[File:GW-Basic 3.1 1984 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:GW-Basic UG 3.2.pdf|GW-Basic 3.2]]
||
[[File:GW-Basic UG 3.2 cover.jpg|200px]] 
6" x 9"
|}

==Software (Kaypro Supplied)==

===Introduction to Software===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Intro to Software July 1983.pdf|Intro to Software July 1983]]
 (Version 1, Likely 1542-A)
||
[[File:Intro to software 7 9 July 1983 cover.jpg|200px]] 7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Intro to software 7 9 Sep 1984.pdf|Intro to Software Sep 1983 (1542-B)]]
||
[[File:Intro to software 7 9 Sep 1984 cover.jpg|200px]] 7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Intro to Software 7 9 Jan 1984.pdf|Intro to Software Jan 1984 (1542-C)]]
||
[[File:Intro to Software 7 9 Jan 1984 cover.jpg|200px]] 7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Intro to software 7 9 Mar 1984.pdf|Intro to Software Mar 1984 (1542-D)]]
||
[[File:Intro to software 7 9 Mar 1984 cover.jpg|200px]] 7" x 9"
|-
| Intro to Software Aug 1984 (Only one copy so no scan) (1542-E) ||
[[File:Intro to software Aug 1984.jpg|200px]] 7" x 9"
|}

===Perfect Suite===

====Perfect Filer====

{|
|-
|

[[Media:Perfect Filer 1982.pdf|Perfect Filer Manual 1982]]
||
[[File:Perfect Filer 7 9 1982 cover.jpg|200px]]
|-
|
[[Media:Perfect Filer 7 9 1983.pdf|Perfect Filer Manual 1983]]
||
[[File:Perfect Filer 7 9 1983 cover.jpg|200px]]
|}
{|
|-
|
[[File:Perfect Filer Spine 1982 vs 1983.jpg|500px]] 
The obvious difference on the outside is the spine of the book. 
The upper is the 1982 version. The lower is the 1983 version.
|}

[[Media:Perfect Filer Reference Card.pdf|Perfect Filer Reference Card]]

====Perfect Calc====

{|
|-
| Perfect Calc Manual 1982 (Only one copy so no scan) ||
[[File:Perfect Calc Manual 7 9 1982 Cover.jpg|200px]]
|-
|
[[Media:Perfect Calc Manual 7 9 1983.pdf|Perfect Calc Manual 1983]]
||
[[File:Perfect Calc Manual 7 9 1983 Cover.jpg|200px]]
|}
{|
|-
|
[[File:Perfect Calc Manual Spines 1982 vs 1983.jpg|500px]] 
The obvious difference on the outside is the spine of the book. 
The upper is the 1982 version. The lower is the 1983 version.
|}

[[Media:Perfect Calc Reference Card.pdf|Perfect Calc Reference Card]]

====Perfect Writer====
{|
|-
| Perfect Writer / Perfect Speller Manual 1982 (Only one copy so no scan) ||
[[File:Perfect Writer PS 7 9 Cover 1982.jpg|200px]]
|-
|
[[Media:Perfect Writer PS 7 9 1983.pdf|Perfect Writer / Perfect Speller Manual 1983]]
||
[[File:Perfect Writer PS 7 9 Cover 1983.jpg|200px]]
|-
| Kaypro 1 Users & Perfect Writer Manual 1985 (Only one copy so no scan) Includes Kaypro 1 User's Guide and does not include the Perfect Speller Section.
||
[[File:Perfect Writer K1 7 9 Cover 1985.jpg|200px]]
|}
{|
|-
|
[[File:Perfect Writer 1982 vs 1983 vs 1985.jpg|500px]] 
The obvious difference of the 82 vs 83 on the outside is the spine of the book. 
The upper is the 1982 version. The middle is the 1983 version. The bottom is the K1 PW 1985 version.
|}

[[Media:Perfect Writer Reference Card.pdf|Perfect Writer Reference Card]]

===The Word Plus===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:The word plus manual.pdf|The Word Plus Manual]]
||
[[File:The word plus Manual cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9" Version 1.2
|}

===Select===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Select 8.5 11 1981.pdf|Select Manual]] This version is from the double ended book with
ProfitPlan
||
[[File:Select 8.5 11 1981 cover.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11"
|}

===ProfitPlan===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:ProfitPlan 8.5 11 1981 double ended.pdf|ProfitPlan Manual 1981]] This version is from the double ended book with Select. I cannot find a difference between this version and the next.
||
[[File:ProfitPlan 8.5 11 1981 cover.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11"
|-
|
[[Media:Profitplan Manual 8.5 11.pdf|ProfitPlan Manual 1981]]
||
[[File:Profitplan Manual Cover 8.5 11.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11"
|-
|
[[Media:ProfitPlan Manual 7 9 1983.pdf|ProfitPlan Manual 1983]]
||
[[File:ProfitPlan Manual 7 9 1983 Cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

===MicroPlan===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:MicroPlan 7 9.pdf|MicroPlan Manual]]
||
[[File:MicroPlan 7 9 Cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

===MailMerge===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:MailMerge Ref 7 9.pdf|MailMerge Reference Manual]]
||
[[File:MailMerge Ref 7 9 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

===Supersort===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Supersort 7 9 1981.pdf|Supersort Manual]]
||
[[File:Supersort 7 9 1981 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

===PolyWindows Desk Plus===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Polywindows Desk Plus.pdf|PolyWindows Desk Plus]] 
||
[[File:Polywindows Desk Plus Ver A 7 9.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Polywindows Desk Plus and KDesk Ver C 7 9.pdf|PolyWindows Desk Plus and KDesk]]
||
[[File:PloyWindows Desk Plus and KDesk Manual Ver C 7 9.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

===The Traveling Expense Manager===

{|
|-
|
The Traveling Expense Manager 
(Only one copy so no scan) 
For K2000
||
[[File:Traveling Expense Manager Manual.jpg]] 
5.5" x 7.5"
|}

===Uniform===

{|
|-
|
Uniform UG 
(Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:Uniform Users Guide 5.5 7.5 1983.jpg|200px]] 
5.5" x 7.5"
|}

===Star Suite===

====WordStar====

{|
|-
| WordStar Version 3.0 (Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:Wordstar 8.5 11 Version 3.0 1981 cover.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11"
|-
|
[[Media:Wordstar 7 9 Version 3.3.pdf|WordStar Version 3.3]]
||
[[File:Wordstar 7 9 Version 3.3 1983 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Wordstar Binder 6 9 Version 3.3.pdf|Wordstar Binder Version 3.3]]
||
[[File:Wordstar Binder 6 9 Version 3.3 cover.jpg|200px]] 
6" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Wordstar Mailmerge Users Guide Jul 1985.pdf|WordStar/MailMerge UG July 1985 3916-A]]
||
[[File:Wordstar Mailmerge Users Guide Jul 1985 3916-A cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
WordStar/MailMerge UG Feb 1986 3916-B (Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:Wordstar Mailmerge Users Guide 3916-B Feb 1986 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
WordStar/MailMerge UG No Date 3916-B (Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:Wordstar Mailmerge Users Guide 3916-B No date cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Wordstar Primer 7 9 1986.pdf|WordStar Primer]]
||
[[File:Wordstar Primer 7 9 1986 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Wordstar Training Guide 7 9 Feb 1983.pdf|WordStar Training Guide]]
||
[[File:Wordstar Training Guide 7 9 Feb 1983 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

[[Media:WordStar Commend Card Unknown Version.pdf|WordStar Commend Card Unknown Version]]

[[Media:WordStar Commend Card Version 3.0.pdf|WordStar Commend Card Version 3.0]]

====CalcStar====

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Calcstar UM 7 9 1982.pdf|CalcStar User's Manual]]
||
[[File:Calcstar UM 7 9 1982 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

[[Media:CalcStar Reference Card.pdf|CalcStar Reference Card]]

====CorrectStar/StarIndex====

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Correctstar Starindex 7 9 1984.pdf|CorrectStar StarIndex]]
||
[[File:Correctstar Starindex 7 9 1984 Cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

====DataStar====

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Datastar Ref 7 9 1982.pdf|DataStar Reference Manual]]
||
[[File:Datastar Ref 7 9 1982 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Datastar Training 7 9 1982.pdf|DataStar Training Guide]]
||
[[File:Datastar Training 7 9 1982 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

====ReportStar====

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Reportstar GIM 7 9 1982.pdf|ReportStar General Information Manual]]
||
[[File:Reportstar GIM 7 9 1982 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Reportstar URM 7 9 1982.pdf|ReportStar User's Reference Manual]]
||
[[File:Datastar Training 7 9 1982 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Reportstar TG 7 9 Spiral.pdf|ReportStar Technical]]
||
[[File:Reportstar TG 7 9 Spiral cover.jpg|200px]] 
Guide Flat Bound 
9" x 7"
||
[[File:Reportstar TG 7 9 1982 cover.jpg|200px]] 
Guide Glue Binding 
9" x 7"
|}

[[Media:ReportStar Command Card.pdf|ReportStar Command Card]]

===SuprTerm===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:SuprTerm 7 9 1983.pdf|SuprTerm UG]]
||
[[File:SuprTerm UG 7 9 1983.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

===Mite===

{|
|-
|
Mite UG 1985 Version E 
(Only one copy so no scan) 
I cannot find the difference except that they have different part numbers.
||
[[File:Mite 7 9 1985 E cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|-
|
[[Media:Mite 7 9 1985 F.pdf|Mite UG 1985 Version F]]
||
[[File:Mite 7 9 1985 F cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

===dBase II===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:DBase II 7 9 1982.pdf|dBase II UG]]
||
[[File:DBase II 7 9 1982 cover.jpg|200px]] 
7" x 9"
|}

==Machines==

===Kaypro II, 2, 4, 4X, Robie===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:KII UG 1982.pdf|Kaypro II UG 1982]]
||
[[File:KII UG 1982 cover.jpg|200px]] 
8.5" x 11"
|-
|
[[Media:KUG Feb 1983.pdf|Kaypro II UG Feb 1983]]
||
[[File:KUG Feb 1983 1 cover.jpg|200px]] 7" x 9" Optional software sticker
||
[[File:KUG Feb 1983 2 cover.jpg|200px]] 7" x 9" Kaypro 4 sticker
|-
|
[[Media:KUG 1983 Version 1.pdf|Kaypro UG Ver 1 1983 (1100)]] 
First mention of the Kaypro 4
||
[[File:KUG 1983 Version 1 cover.jpg|200px]]
|-
|
[[Media:KUG 1983 Version 5 Revision 1.pdf|Kaypro UG Ver 5 Rev 1 1983 (1100)]]
||
[[File:KUG 1983 Version 5 Revision 1 cover.jpg|200px]]
|-
|
[[Media:KUG 7 9 May 1984.pdf|Kaypro UG May 1984 (1463-L)]]
||
[[File:KUG 7 9 May 1984 cover.jpg|200px]]
|-
|
[[Media:Kaypro UG Nov 1984.pdf|Kaypro UG Nov 1984 (1463-L)]] 
First Mention of the 4X and Robie
||
[[File:Kaypro UG Nov 84.jpg]]

|}

===Kaypro 1===

{|
|-
| Kaypro 1 Users Guide & Perfect Writer Manual 1985 (Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:Perfect Writer K1 7 9 Cover 1985.jpg|200px]]
|}

===Kaypro 16===

{|
|-
| [[Media:Kaypro 16 users guide.pdf|Kaypro 16 User's Guide]]
||
[[File:Kaypro 16 UG cover.jpg|200px]]
|-
| [[Media:Kaypro 16 users guide Addendum 16E.pdf|Addendum Kaypro 16E]]
|}

===Kaypro 2000===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:K2000 UG 3655-C.pdf|Kaypro 2000 User's Guide]]
 3655-C (Preliminary)
(Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:K2000 UG.jpg]]
|-
|
[[Media:K2000 UG 3655-D.pdf|Kaypro 2000 User's Guide]]
 3655-D (Back is mislabeled 3655-C)
Besides formatting changes: 
Additional Keyboard commands in "The Keyboard" section 
Includes KSTATUS.COM and KBOOT.COM when making system diskettes. 
Addtional information in the "SPECIAL FUNCTIONS" section 
||
[[File:K2000 UG.jpg]]
|}

====Kaypro 2000 Multi-Adapter UG====
{|
|-
|
[[Media:K2000 Multi-Adapter UG.pdf|Kaypro 2000 Multi-Adapter UG]]
||
[[File:K2000 Multi-Adapter UG cover.jpg]]

|}

===Kaypro PC===

{|
|-
| [[Media:Kaypro PC manual.pdf|Kaypro PC User's Guide]] || [[File:Kaypro PC Users Guide.jpg|200px]]
|}

===Kaypro 286i===

{|
|-
| [[Media:Kaypro 286i manual.pdf|Kaypro 286i Manual]]
||
[[File:Kaypro 286i Manual Cover.jpg|200px]]
|}

===Kaypro 286===
{|
|-
| [[Media:Kaypro 286 manual.pdf|Kaypro 286 Manual]] ||
[[File:Kaypro 286 UG Cover.jpg|200px]]
|}

===Kaypro 386===
{|
|-
| [[Media:Kaypro 386 Manual.pdf|Kaypro 386 Manual]] ||
[[File:Kaypro 386 UG Cover.jpg|200px]]
|}

==Monitors==

===Kaypro Monochrome Monitor===

{|
|-
|
[[Media:Kaypro KP-1254G Monitor Manual.pdf|Kaypro KP-1254G Manual]]
||
[[File:Kaypro KP-1254G Cover.jpg|200px]]
|}

==Modems==

===Kaypro 1200 Baud Internal Modem===

{|
|-
| Kaypro 1200 Baud Internal Modem UG 
(Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:Kaypro 1200 Baud Modem UG.jpg]]
|}

==Printers==

===Kaypro Letter-Quality Printer===

{|
|-
| Kaypro Letter-Quality Printer UG 
(Only one copy so no scan)
||
[[File:Letter Quality Printer UG 7 9 1984.jpg|200px]]
|}

File:Perfect Filer 1982.pdf

2026-06-09T10:32:27Z

FrankRahman:

Perfect Filer 1982

Kaypro 2000

2026-06-08T21:53:27Z

FrankRahman: /* Mods */

[[File:2000 Ad A New Era.jpg]]

== Kaypro 2000 ==
Model Number 81-040
(Some units have a P/N 81-043 sticker added on the bottom)
{|
|-
|
[[File:2000 Outside.jpg]]
||
[[File:2000 Inside.jpg]]
|} 

The Kaypro 2000 had two notable changes during its lifetime. Initially in the spring of 1985 it came with 256K of RAM with upgrade options of 512K and 768K. If configured with 768K then the upper 128K could be used as a RamDisk since the operating system was limited to the lower 640K. The start-up RAM check only tests the lower 640K and doesn't report the entire memory of the 768K version. In the summer of 1986 the base configuration was changed to include 768K of RAM.

===Motherboard===
(81-710)
{|
|-
|
[[File:K2000 motherboard.jpg|400px]]
||
[[File:K2000 motherboard solderside.jpg|400px]]
|-
|
[[File:K2000 Motherboard Label.jpg|400px]]
||
|}

===Screen Size Change===

The originally released Kaypro 2000 had a large border around the LCD screen. Typically, the small screen had a had a green colored border. My guess would be that they had designed the machine to have a larger screen than the smaller screen it initially shipped with. Having lived during this time I remember the challenges that manufacturers had producing flat panel displays with acceptable numbers of defective pixels. They likely settled with a smaller screen to keep the cost down and supply higher.

When the base memory was changed to 768K they also upgraded the screen to one that was “28% larger”. These later machines have a screen that appears more appropriately sized to the designed area, it had a black border. It appears that the number of characters was not changed with the larger screen since they both have 80 by 25 characters. In the news section of this page it is hinted that the larger screen required more memory which isn't likely since the resolution did not change. The larger screen has a slightly better contrast which does make it more readable but it is still a challenge.

The Kaypro 16 had a 80 by 40 display like the previous CPM Kaypros. So the Kaypro 2000 always had a slightly disadvantaged screen compared to the luggable versions, especially when you consider screen contrast.

{|
!Original Screen !! 28% Larger Screen
|-
|
[[File:K2000 with smaller screen.jpg|400px]]
||
[[File:K2000 with larger screen 2.jpg|400px]]
|-
|
[[File:K2000 with smaller screen close up.jpg|400px]]
||
[[File:K2000 with larger screen 2 close up.jpg|400px]]
|}

==Mods==

[[File:K2000 with back light.jpg]] 
The owner of this machine states: "I believe it's an Axonics unit out of Utah." (eBay, gameboy3800yt, 8 June 2026) 

This is a review of the Bondwell 2 laptop: 
"The poor character quality on the screen can
probably be remedied by an electroluminescent screen
upgrade available from the Axonics Corporation, 417
Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 ($300, includes
shipping). 
(Morrow Owners' Review, June/July 1986)

==News==

"Kaypro Corp., Solana Beach, Calif., said it had introduced a new computer, the 2000, which is priced under $2,000." 
(New York Times, April 9, 1985)

<blockquote>
Although the Kaypro 2000 comes with 256K RAM, you may want additional memory. At your option, you can have the factory install RAM chips to bring the system up to a total of 768K RAM. You could install the extra memory yourself, but letting the factory handle installation protects your warranty

With the full 768K ($195), spreadsheet and disk copying operations are much more convenient. And because the extra memory is internal, you aren't tied to the base unit. MS-DOS cannot use memory above its 640K boundary, but Kaypro includes RAM disk software that can make use of memory above 640K.

If you want to add an internal modem ($295), Kaypro offers a 1200-baud Hayes-compatible modem. The internal modem snaps into a connector on the mainboard and fits completely inside the 2000's casing, another Kaypro option is the serial-to-parallel printer interface ($65). This universal interface allows almost every common printer with a standard Centronics parallel configuration to be connected directly to the 2000's serial port. 
(Profiles, January 1986)
</blockquote>

"The Kaypro 2000 is a lap-top computer much like the Data General One. There's a standard model that is also available with memory and modem upgrades. The basic Kaypro 2000 comes with 256K of RAM and one 720K 3 1/2-inch floppy drive. The enhanced version has 768K, a 3 1/2-inch drive, and an internal 1200-baud modem." 
(Profiles, January 1986)

<blockquote>
With the introduction of their new 286i (the IBM AT clone) and now the Kaypro 2000 (the IBM-compatible portable lap computer) Kaypro seems to be headed one
way--toward the business community.

The latest information we have from Kaypro regarding the 2000 is as follows:

The 2000 uses the IBM-compatible MS/DOS operating system and comes with an 80 column by 25 line liquid crystal display screen, built for Kaypro in Japan. It has 640 x 200 pixels and a backlight for improved legibility.

One of the features is the detachable keyboard. It still connects with a cord, but it doesn't confine the operator to any one position and makes the screen
easier to read.

The standard 256k is expandable to 768k, and the single 3.5 inch disk drive allows 720k of storage on each disk. The 2000 has an 8080 processor and runs at 4.7 Mhz with I/0 for RS232 and parallel ports. Power is supplied by a rechargeable battery with up to four hours' use of computer time. Peripherals may be added, including a 5.25 or external hard drive.

Total weight of the Kaypro 2000 is eleven (11) pounds.

The bundled software includes the full MicroPro (Star) package and GW Basic.

The price for this laptop is $1995.00, and delivery is scheduled for some time in June. 
(Kugram, May-Jun 1985)
</blockquote>

"The Kaypro 2000's latest improvement, a 28% larger screen, takes less time to read. therefore, faster screen updates are necessary for speed readers. So the
Kaypro 2000 now comes with a standard 768K RAM and RAM-disk software. Operating software within RAM is dramatically faster and more energy efficient than continually accessing a disk drive." 
(Kugram, Jul-Aug 1986)

In the press there was talk of a partnership between [[Mitsui connection|Mitsui]] and Kaypro that could have been the forerunner to the 2000. In an interview in 2025 for the Floppy Days Podcast David Kay says that Citizen made the 2000 for Kaypro. 
([https://floppydays.libsyn.com/floppy-days-158-interview-with-david-kay-kaypro-part-2 David Kay Interview #2])

==Derived Machine==

The French computer maker "SMT Goupil" produced the "Club" computer which appears to be a derivative of the Kaypro 2000. It featured 2 floppy drives.
{|
|-
|
[[File:Smt goupil club ad.jpg|400px]]
||

|-
|
[[File:SMT Goupil Club.jpg|400px]]
||
[[File:Goupil club top.jpg]]
|-
|
[[File:Goupil club drives.jpg]]
||
[[File:Goupil club bottom.jpg]]
|-
|
[[File:Goupil club acces.jpg]]
||
[[File:Goupil club port.jpg]] 
Note that this port is changed to serve as an adapter connection on the Club.
|-
|
[[File:Goupil club adapter front.jpg]]
||
[[File:Goupil club adapter back.jpg]]
|}

== Accessories ==
=== Kaypro 2000 Base Unit ===
Model # 81-041
{|
|-
|
[[File:2000 Base Unit top.jpg]]
||
[[File:2000 Base Unit front.jpg]]
[[File:2000 Base Unit back.jpg]]
|}

"The base station for the 2000 is close to completion, and plans for the modem for this computer are still in the discussion stage. It is not yet certain whether Kaypro will offer a 300- or 1200-baud version, nor whether it will be internal or external. Also undetermined as of now is whether the modem will be part of the standard package or offered as an option." Kugram Vol.3 No.4

"The optional base unit ($795) is an expansion chassis that holds two full-length expansion cards and has room for two half-height 5.25-inch disk drives, or one half-height 5.25 floppy and a half-height hard disk. With the base unit, special-purpose cards can be used with the 2000, and direct conversion from 3.25- to 5 .25-inch diskettes is a snap. It also features both serial and parallel ports, freeing you from reliance on the single serial port on the 2000.
Interfacing the 2000 with the base unit is simple and straightforward. On the bottom of the 2000 is a 5.5inch hard rubber strip. Slip that protective strip away and you'll see two lines of 50 pins. This 100-pin maleto-female interface seats securely atop the corresponding pin slots on the upper surface of the base unit. No cables are needed." 
(Profiles, January 1986)

<blockquote>
Base Unit....$795. 
Description: Expansion chassis for customers who want to add special functions with IBM cards. Also houses added disk drives. Not required for typical users.

Features: 2 IBM slots, one 5.25" disk drive, space for an additional drive (5.25", or 3.5", or hard disk), serial port, parallel port.

How it works: Kaypro 2000 computer fits on top of Base Unit and locks into a matching ''?nest?''. All connections are made automatically. No cables are necessary. 
(Kaypro 2000 Accessories Preliminary Price List)
</blockquote>

{|
|-
|
[[File:Base front side.jpg|400px]]
||
[[File:Base rear side.jpg|400px]]
|-
|
[[File:Base bottom.jpg|400px]]
||
[[File:K2000 base unit pcb.jpg|400px]]
|-
|
[[File:K2000 base unit power supply.jpg|400px]]
||
This power supply matches the power supplies in the CPM Kaypro machines.
|}

=== Kaypro 2000 Multi Adapter ===
Part Number: 81-790
{|
|-
|
[[File:2000 multi adapter.jpg]]
||
[[File:Early Multi-adapter.png|200px]] 
Image from the Preliminary Price List
|-
|
[[File:K2000 Multi Adapter inside.jpg]]
||
[[File:K2000 Multi Adapter Label.jpg]]
|-
|
[[File:K2000 Multi Adapter Hercules Color Card.jpg|400px]] 
This is the Hercules Color Card (GB200 Rev B) that was installed in my Multi Adapter
||
[[File:K2000 Multi Adapter Hercules Color Card back.jpg|400px]]
|}

"Similarly, the multi-adapter unit ($155) allows the 2000 to snap directly into place. With the multi-adapter, you can connect external disk drives and an RGB monitor. The multi-adapter includes a 5.25-inch disk port, a 3.5-inch disk port, a parallel port, and one half-length slot for a video card. Although the multiadapter will accept any half-length video board, Kaypro recommends using the Persyst II color card." 
(Profiles, January 1986)

<blockquote>
Multi-Adapter....$155. 
Description: Module that allows Kaypro 2000 to connect to external disk drives and RGB color video monitor without Base Unit.

Features: 5.25" disk port, 3.5" disk port, parallel port and video card slot.

How it works: Snap Adapter into bottom of Kaypro 2000 (Computer will tilt up at slight angle.) Plug disk dirves and parellel printer into connection on rear of Adapter. Standard RGB color video half-card (such as Hercules, ''?Perryst''?, etc.) plugs into IBM-type slot and installs completely inside housing. 
(Kaypro 2000 Accessories Preliminary Price List)
</blockquote>

=== Kaypro 2000 External Floppys ===

====3.5" Floppy====

<blockquote>
If you do want another disk drive, Kaypro offers an ultra-small disk drive (1 x 4.5 x 6 inches) in the 3.5inch format. This external drive is enclosed in a brushed aluminum black casing, so it matches the 2000. Because this disk drive (priced at $295) is self contained, it is as portable as the 2000.

To use the optional 3.5-inch external disk drive, you simply connect the cable that comes with it into the multi-adapter's 3.5-inch port. Like the 2000, this external drive is battery powered. 
(Profiles, January 1986)
</blockquote>

<blockquote>
Additional 3.5" Disk....$295. 
Description: Ultra small 3.5" 720K external drive in portable brushed aluminum enclosure.

How it works: Cable (included) plugs into Disk Adapter 3.5" port. Battery powered, fits easily in luggage for travel. (This drive not needed for same capacity as IBM-PC.) 
(Kaypro 2000 Accessories Preliminary Price List)
</blockquote>

=====Labeled Type=====
{|
|-
|
[[File:2000 3.5 floppy external.jpg]]
|| Image from an eBay listing.
|}

=====Unlabeled Type=====
This type appears to be the same mechanism that is in the K2000 with an extra shell around it and with additional circuitry to allow for connecting to the Multi-Adapter.
{|
|-
|
[[File:K2000 35 ext drive small closed.jpg]]
||
[[File:K2000 35 ext drive small open.jpg]]
|-
|
[[File:K2000 35 ext drive small back.jpg]]
||
[[File:K2000 35 ext drive small bottom.jpg]]
|}
The screws to open it appear to be under some of the feet. 
This appears to be the type described in the Profiles article.

====5.25" Floppy====
{|
|-
|
[[File:K2000 5 inch External Drive front.jpg]]
||
[[File:K2000 5inch External Drive back.jpg|300px]]
|-
|
[[File:K2000 5inch power and connector.jpg]]
||
[[File:K2000 5 inch External Drive connector.jpg]]
|-
|
[[File:K2000 5inch Panasonic drive label.jpg|400px]] 
The Panasonic JU-455-5 drive
||
|}

"If you want an external 5.25-inch disk drive, Kaypro offers one for $295. This 360K IBM-format drive is also enclosed in a matching brushed aluminum case and is fully portable. The 5.25-inch disk drive is designed to fit on your desktop, next to the 2000, but its internal power supply lets you take it anywhere." 
(Profiles, January 1986)

=== Kaypro 2000 External Battery ===
{|
|-
|
[[File:2000 ext battery.jpg]]
||
|}
"If the 2000's four-hour battery isn't enough for you, you might consider the spare battery pack ($25). This external pack is small, measuring only 2 x 3.5 x 6 inches. With the external battery pack you'll get another four to eight hours of operation. Like the 2000's internal battery, the spare battery pack can be recharged with the standard AC adapter." 
(Profiles, January 1986)

=== PC card and Cable ===
[[File:K2000 PC card and cable image.png|200px]]

"If you have an IBM PC or compatible, Kaypro offers another option for modem-less transfer of files from the 2000 to the desktop. Kaypro's PC card and cable ($95) are designed to be plugged into the desktop PC and into the 5.25-inch port on the multi-adapter module. A software switch steers the drive to either computer, allowing you to transfer files between the 2000 and your desktop without needing to buy an additional drive." 
(Profiles, January 1986)

<blockquote>
PC Card and Cable....$95. 
Description: Allows users to connect to 5.25" disk in existing PC to eliminate need to buy additional drive.

How it works: IBM card plugs into PC. Cable runs out of PC and plugs into 5.25" port on Disk Adapter module. Software switch steers drive to either computer. 
(Kaypro 2000 Accessories Preliminary Price List)
</blockquote>

=== Kaypro 2000 Power Supplies ===
Model Numbers: 81-707-1, 81-709, 81-737
{|
|-
|
[[File:2000_power_supplies_707_709.jpg]] 
Two different single source chargers 81-707-1 (115VAC to 7.3VDC) 81-709 (120VAC to 10VDC) and (10VDC to 7VDC)
||
[[File:Kaypro 2000 2 box power supply with 2 kaypro labels.jpg]] 
This is another 81-709 two box charger. You can see that the vented box also has a Kaypro label on it rather than the Poly Products label.
|-
|
[[File:Charger 81-737.jpg]] 
Dual source charger 81-737-1 (115VAC or 12VDC to 7.3VDC)
||
[[File:K2000 12V plug.jpg|300px]] 
In this photo you can see the 12V plug which should connect to the dual source charger. (Not seen)
|}

"Kaypro even has an optional dual input charger for less than $50 that operates from either 1 15v AC or 12v DC. This adapter replaces the adapter/recharger that came with your Kaypro 2000 and plugs into a standard 1 15v AC wall plug or the cigarette lighter in your car. If you happen to have a car with a 6- volt electrical system you don't need to buy the dual input charger. 'ibu simply go down to the nearest Radio Shack and buy a standard cigarette lighter power adapter. The only thing you have to be certain about is that the positive voltage is on the outside of the plug that connects to the back of your 2000, not the inside (they come both ways). This is probably the smartest use yet for a cigarette lighter." 
(Profiles, January 1986)

=== Kaypro 2000 Floppies ===
{|
|-
|
[[File:K2000 Disks 1.jpg]]
|-
|
[[File:K2000 Disks 2.jpg]]
|}

=== Accessory Prices ===
[[File:Kaypro 2000 Accessory Prices Profiles June 88.png| 600px]]

Kaypro 2000

2026-06-08T21:37:19Z

FrankRahman: /* News */

[[File:2000 Ad A New Era.jpg]]

== Kaypro 2000 ==
Model Number 81-040
(Some units have a P/N 81-043 sticker added on the bottom)
{|
|-
|
[[File:2000 Outside.jpg]]
||
[[File:2000 Inside.jpg]]
|} 

The Kaypro 2000 had two notable changes during its lifetime. Initially in the spring of 1985 it came with 256K of RAM with upgrade options of 512K and 768K. If configured with 768K then the upper 128K could be used as a RamDisk since the operating system was limited to the lower 640K. The start-up RAM check only tests the lower 640K and doesn't report the entire memory of the 768K version. In the summer of 1986 the base configuration was changed to include 768K of RAM.

===Motherboard===
(81-710)
{|
|-
|
[[File:K2000 motherboard.jpg|400px]]
||
[[File:K2000 motherboard solderside.jpg|400px]]
|-
|
[[File:K2000 Motherboard Label.jpg|400px]]
||
|}

===Screen Size Change===

The originally released Kaypro 2000 had a large border around the LCD screen. Typically, the small screen had a had a green colored border. My guess would be that they had designed the machine to have a larger screen than the smaller screen it initially shipped with. Having lived during this time I remember the challenges that manufacturers had producing flat panel displays with acceptable numbers of defective pixels. They likely settled with a smaller screen to keep the cost down and supply higher.

When the base memory was changed to 768K they also upgraded the screen to one that was “28% larger”. These later machines have a screen that appears more appropriately sized to the designed area, it had a black border. It appears that the number of characters was not changed with the larger screen since they both have 80 by 25 characters. In the news section of this page it is hinted that the larger screen required more memory which isn't likely since the resolution did not change. The larger screen has a slightly better contrast which does make it more readable but it is still a challenge.

The Kaypro 16 had a 80 by 40 display like the previous CPM Kaypros. So the Kaypro 2000 always had a slightly disadvantaged screen compared to the luggable versions, especially when you consider screen contrast.

{|
!Original Screen !! 28% Larger Screen
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[[File:K2000 with smaller screen.jpg|400px]]
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[[File:K2000 with larger screen 2.jpg|400px]]
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[[File:K2000 with smaller screen close up.jpg|400px]]
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[[File:K2000 with larger screen 2 close up.jpg|400px]]
|}

==Mods==

[[File:K2000 with back light.jpg]] 
The owner of this machine states: "I believe it's an Axonics unit out of Utah." (eBay, gameboy3800yt, 8 June 2026)

==News==

"Kaypro Corp., Solana Beach, Calif., said it had introduced a new computer, the 2000, which is priced under $2,000." 
(New York Times, April 9, 1985)

<blockquote>
Although the Kaypro 2000 comes with 256K RAM, you may want additional memory. At your option, you can have the factory install RAM chips to bring the system up to a total of 768K RAM. You could install the extra memory yourself, but letting the factory handle installation protects your warranty

With the full 768K ($195), spreadsheet and disk copying operations are much more convenient. And because the extra memory is internal, you aren't tied to the base unit. MS-DOS cannot use memory above its 640K boundary, but Kaypro includes RAM disk software that can make use of memory above 640K.

If you want to add an internal modem ($295), Kaypro offers a 1200-baud Hayes-compatible modem. The internal modem snaps into a connector on the mainboard and fits completely inside the 2000's casing, another Kaypro option is the serial-to-parallel printer interface ($65). This universal interface allows almost every common printer with a standard Centronics parallel configuration to be connected directly to the 2000's serial port. 
(Profiles, January 1986)
</blockquote>

"The Kaypro 2000 is a lap-top computer much like the Data General One. There's a standard model that is also available with memory and modem upgrades. The basic Kaypro 2000 comes with 256K of RAM and one 720K 3 1/2-inch floppy drive. The enhanced version has 768K, a 3 1/2-inch drive, and an internal 1200-baud modem." 
(Profiles, January 1986)

<blockquote>
With the introduction of their new 286i (the IBM AT clone) and now the Kaypro 2000 (the IBM-compatible portable lap computer) Kaypro seems to be headed one
way--toward the business community.

The latest information we have from Kaypro regarding the 2000 is as follows:

The 2000 uses the IBM-compatible MS/DOS operating system and comes with an 80 column by 25 line liquid crystal display screen, built for Kaypro in Japan. It has 640 x 200 pixels and a backlight for improved legibility.

One of the features is the detachable keyboard. It still connects with a cord, but it doesn't confine the operator to any one position and makes the screen
easier to read.

The standard 256k is expandable to 768k, and the single 3.5 inch disk drive allows 720k of storage on each disk. The 2000 has an 8080 processor and runs at 4.7 Mhz with I/0 for RS232 and parallel ports. Power is supplied by a rechargeable battery with up to four hours' use of computer time. Peripherals may be added, including a 5.25 or external hard drive.

Total weight of the Kaypro 2000 is eleven (11) pounds.

The bundled software includes the full MicroPro (Star) package and GW Basic.

The price for this laptop is $1995.00, and delivery is scheduled for some time in June. 
(Kugram, May-Jun 1985)
</blockquote>

"The Kaypro 2000's latest improvement, a 28% larger screen, takes less time to read. therefore, faster screen updates are necessary for speed readers. So the
Kaypro 2000 now comes with a standard 768K RAM and RAM-disk software. Operating software within RAM is dramatically faster and more energy efficient than continually accessing a disk drive." 
(Kugram, Jul-Aug 1986)

In the press there was talk of a partnership between [[Mitsui connection|Mitsui]] and Kaypro that could have been the forerunner to the 2000. In an interview in 2025 for the Floppy Days Podcast David Kay says that Citizen made the 2000 for Kaypro. 
([https://floppydays.libsyn.com/floppy-days-158-interview-with-david-kay-kaypro-part-2 David Kay Interview #2])

==Derived Machine==

The French computer maker "SMT Goupil" produced the "Club" computer which appears to be a derivative of the Kaypro 2000. It featured 2 floppy drives.
{|
|-
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[[File:Smt goupil club ad.jpg|400px]]
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|-
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[[File:SMT Goupil Club.jpg|400px]]
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[[File:Goupil club top.jpg]]
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[[File:Goupil club drives.jpg]]
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[[File:Goupil club bottom.jpg]]
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[[File:Goupil club acces.jpg]]
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[[File:Goupil club port.jpg]] 
Note that this port is changed to serve as an adapter connection on the Club.
|-
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[[File:Goupil club adapter front.jpg]]
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[[File:Goupil club adapter back.jpg]]
|}

== Accessories ==
=== Kaypro 2000 Base Unit ===
Model # 81-041
{|
|-
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[[File:2000 Base Unit top.jpg]]
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[[File:2000 Base Unit front.jpg]]
[[File:2000 Base Unit back.jpg]]
|}

"The base station for the 2000 is close to completion, and plans for the modem for this computer are still in the discussion stage. It is not yet certain whether Kaypro will offer a 300- or 1200-baud version, nor whether it will be internal or external. Also undetermined as of now is whether the modem will be part of the standard package or offered as an option." Kugram Vol.3 No.4

"The optional base unit ($795) is an expansion chassis that holds two full-length expansion cards and has room for two half-height 5.25-inch disk drives, or one half-height 5.25 floppy and a half-height hard disk. With the base unit, special-purpose cards can be used with the 2000, and direct conversion from 3.25- to 5 .25-inch diskettes is a snap. It also features both serial and parallel ports, freeing you from reliance on the single serial port on the 2000.
Interfacing the 2000 with the base unit is simple and straightforward. On the bottom of the 2000 is a 5.5inch hard rubber strip. Slip that protective strip away and you'll see two lines of 50 pins. This 100-pin maleto-female interface seats securely atop the corresponding pin slots on the upper surface of the base unit. No cables are needed." 
(Profiles, January 1986)

<blockquote>
Base Unit....$795. 
Description: Expansion chassis for customers who want to add special functions with IBM cards. Also houses added disk drives. Not required for typical users.

Features: 2 IBM slots, one 5.25" disk drive, space for an additional drive (5.25", or 3.5", or hard disk), serial port, parallel port.

How it works: Kaypro 2000 computer fits on top of Base Unit and locks into a matching ''?nest?''. All connections are made automatically. No cables are necessary. 
(Kaypro 2000 Accessories Preliminary Price List)
</blockquote>

{|
|-
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[[File:Base front side.jpg|400px]]
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[[File:Base rear side.jpg|400px]]
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[[File:Base bottom.jpg|400px]]
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[[File:K2000 base unit pcb.jpg|400px]]
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[[File:K2000 base unit power supply.jpg|400px]]
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This power supply matches the power supplies in the CPM Kaypro machines.
|}

=== Kaypro 2000 Multi Adapter ===
Part Number: 81-790
{|
|-
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[[File:2000 multi adapter.jpg]]
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[[File:Early Multi-adapter.png|200px]] 
Image from the Preliminary Price List
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[[File:K2000 Multi Adapter inside.jpg]]
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[[File:K2000 Multi Adapter Label.jpg]]
|-
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[[File:K2000 Multi Adapter Hercules Color Card.jpg|400px]] 
This is the Hercules Color Card (GB200 Rev B) that was installed in my Multi Adapter
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[[File:K2000 Multi Adapter Hercules Color Card back.jpg|400px]]
|}

"Similarly, the multi-adapter unit ($155) allows the 2000 to snap directly into place. With the multi-adapter, you can connect external disk drives and an RGB monitor. The multi-adapter includes a 5.25-inch disk port, a 3.5-inch disk port, a parallel port, and one half-length slot for a video card. Although the multiadapter will accept any half-length video board, Kaypro recommends using the Persyst II color card." 
(Profiles, January 1986)

<blockquote>
Multi-Adapter....$155. 
Description: Module that allows Kaypro 2000 to connect to external disk drives and RGB color video monitor without Base Unit.

Features: 5.25" disk port, 3.5" disk port, parallel port and video card slot.

How it works: Snap Adapter into bottom of Kaypro 2000 (Computer will tilt up at slight angle.) Plug disk dirves and parellel printer into connection on rear of Adapter. Standard RGB color video half-card (such as Hercules, ''?Perryst''?, etc.) plugs into IBM-type slot and installs completely inside housing. 
(Kaypro 2000 Accessories Preliminary Price List)
</blockquote>

=== Kaypro 2000 External Floppys ===

====3.5" Floppy====

<blockquote>
If you do want another disk drive, Kaypro offers an ultra-small disk drive (1 x 4.5 x 6 inches) in the 3.5inch format. This external drive is enclosed in a brushed aluminum black casing, so it matches the 2000. Because this disk drive (priced at $295) is self contained, it is as portable as the 2000.

To use the optional 3.5-inch external disk drive, you simply connect the cable that comes with it into the multi-adapter's 3.5-inch port. Like the 2000, this external drive is battery powered. 
(Profiles, January 1986)
</blockquote>

<blockquote>
Additional 3.5" Disk....$295. 
Description: Ultra small 3.5" 720K external drive in portable brushed aluminum enclosure.

How it works: Cable (included) plugs into Disk Adapter 3.5" port. Battery powered, fits easily in luggage for travel. (This drive not needed for same capacity as IBM-PC.) 
(Kaypro 2000 Accessories Preliminary Price List)
</blockquote>

=====Labeled Type=====
{|
|-
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[[File:2000 3.5 floppy external.jpg]]
|| Image from an eBay listing.
|}

=====Unlabeled Type=====
This type appears to be the same mechanism that is in the K2000 with an extra shell around it and with additional circuitry to allow for connecting to the Multi-Adapter.
{|
|-
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[[File:K2000 35 ext drive small closed.jpg]]
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[[File:K2000 35 ext drive small open.jpg]]
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[[File:K2000 35 ext drive small back.jpg]]
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[[File:K2000 35 ext drive small bottom.jpg]]
|}
The screws to open it appear to be under some of the feet. 
This appears to be the type described in the Profiles article.

====5.25" Floppy====
{|
|-
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[[File:K2000 5 inch External Drive front.jpg]]
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[[File:K2000 5inch External Drive back.jpg|300px]]
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[[File:K2000 5inch power and connector.jpg]]
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[[File:K2000 5 inch External Drive connector.jpg]]
|-
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[[File:K2000 5inch Panasonic drive label.jpg|400px]] 
The Panasonic JU-455-5 drive
||
|}

"If you want an external 5.25-inch disk drive, Kaypro offers one for $295. This 360K IBM-format drive is also enclosed in a matching brushed aluminum case and is fully portable. The 5.25-inch disk drive is designed to fit on your desktop, next to the 2000, but its internal power supply lets you take it anywhere." 
(Profiles, January 1986)

=== Kaypro 2000 External Battery ===
{|
|-
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[[File:2000 ext battery.jpg]]
||
|}
"If the 2000's four-hour battery isn't enough for you, you might consider the spare battery pack ($25). This external pack is small, measuring only 2 x 3.5 x 6 inches. With the external battery pack you'll get another four to eight hours of operation. Like the 2000's internal battery, the spare battery pack can be recharged with the standard AC adapter." 
(Profiles, January 1986)

=== PC card and Cable ===
[[File:K2000 PC card and cable image.png|200px]]

"If you have an IBM PC or compatible, Kaypro offers another option for modem-less transfer of files from the 2000 to the desktop. Kaypro's PC card and cable ($95) are designed to be plugged into the desktop PC and into the 5.25-inch port on the multi-adapter module. A software switch steers the drive to either computer, allowing you to transfer files between the 2000 and your desktop without needing to buy an additional drive." 
(Profiles, January 1986)

<blockquote>
PC Card and Cable....$95. 
Description: Allows users to connect to 5.25" disk in existing PC to eliminate need to buy additional drive.

How it works: IBM card plugs into PC. Cable runs out of PC and plugs into 5.25" port on Disk Adapter module. Software switch steers drive to either computer. 
(Kaypro 2000 Accessories Preliminary Price List)
</blockquote>

=== Kaypro 2000 Power Supplies ===
Model Numbers: 81-707-1, 81-709, 81-737
{|
|-
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[[File:2000_power_supplies_707_709.jpg]] 
Two different single source chargers 81-707-1 (115VAC to 7.3VDC) 81-709 (120VAC to 10VDC) and (10VDC to 7VDC)
||
[[File:Kaypro 2000 2 box power supply with 2 kaypro labels.jpg]] 
This is another 81-709 two box charger. You can see that the vented box also has a Kaypro label on it rather than the Poly Products label.
|-
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[[File:Charger 81-737.jpg]] 
Dual source charger 81-737-1 (115VAC or 12VDC to 7.3VDC)
||
[[File:K2000 12V plug.jpg|300px]] 
In this photo you can see the 12V plug which should connect to the dual source charger. (Not seen)
|}

"Kaypro even has an optional dual input charger for less than $50 that operates from either 1 15v AC or 12v DC. This adapter replaces the adapter/recharger that came with your Kaypro 2000 and plugs into a standard 1 15v AC wall plug or the cigarette lighter in your car. If you happen to have a car with a 6- volt electrical system you don't need to buy the dual input charger. 'ibu simply go down to the nearest Radio Shack and buy a standard cigarette lighter power adapter. The only thing you have to be certain about is that the positive voltage is on the outside of the plug that connects to the back of your 2000, not the inside (they come both ways). This is probably the smartest use yet for a cigarette lighter." 
(Profiles, January 1986)

=== Kaypro 2000 Floppies ===
{|
|-
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[[File:K2000 Disks 1.jpg]]
|-
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[[File:K2000 Disks 2.jpg]]
|}

=== Accessory Prices ===
[[File:Kaypro 2000 Accessory Prices Profiles June 88.png| 600px]]

File:K2000 with back light.jpg

2026-06-08T21:34:38Z

FrankRahman:

K2000 with back light